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Tyrosine aminotransferase Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic 4- hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase Maleylacetoacetate isomerase Fumarylacetoacetase Aromatic-L- amino-acid decarboxylase Aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring Tyrosinase Dopamine beta- hydroxylase Aromatic-L- amino-acid decarboxylase Tyrosinase Tyrosinase Tyrosinase L-dopachrome tautomerase Tyrosinase Phenylethanolamine N- methyltransferase Amine oxidase [flavin- containing] A Amine oxidase [flavin- containing] A Amine oxidase [flavin- containing] A Amine oxidase [flavin- containing] A Aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring Alcohol dehydrogenase 1A Homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase Macrophage migration inhibitory factor Amiloride- sensitive amine oxidase [copper- containing] Amine oxidase [flavin- containing] A Tyrosinase Catechol O- methyltransferase Aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring Catechol O- methyltransferase Catechol O- methyltransferase Catechol O- methyltransferase Catechol O- methyltransferase Amine oxidase [flavin- containing] A Amine oxidase [flavin- containing] A 3- hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase Catechol O- methyltransferase Aldehyde dehydrogenase, dimeric NADP-preferring Accumulation L-Tyrosine Oxoglutaric acid 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid L-Glutamic acid L-Aspartic acid Oxalacetic acid O2 Homogentisic acid CO2 Accumulation Maleylacetoacetic acid Accumulation 4-Fumarylacetoacetic acid H2O Acetoacetic acid Fumaric acid Tyramine CO2 Homovanillin NADP H2O p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid NADPH O2 Dopamine H2O Ascorbic acid O2 Norepinephrine Dehydroascorbic acid H2O L-Dopa Tetrahydrobiopterin 4a-Hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin O2 Dopaquinone H2O Leucodopachrome L-Dopachrome O2 5,6-Dihydroxyindole H2O O2 Indole-5,6-quinone H2O Melanin 5,6-Dihydroxyindole-2- carboxylic acid O2 H2O S-Adenosylmethionine S-Adenosylhomocysteine Epinephrine H2O O2 3,4-Dihydroxymandelaldehyde NH3 H2O2 H2O O2 Methylamine H2O2 Normetanephrine H2O O2 3-Methoxy-4- hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde NH3 H2O2 Metanephrine H2O O2 NH3 H2O2 NAD H2O 3,4-Dihydroxymandelic acid NADH H+ NAD NADH 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycol O2 2-Hydroxy-3-(4- hydroxyphenyl)propenoic acid H2O O2 H2O2 NH3 H2O O2 H2O2 NH3 O2 H2O Guaiacol Pyrocatechol NADP H2O Vanillylmandelic acid NADPH Guaiacol Pyrocatechol Guaiacol Vanylglycol Pyrocatechol Guaiacol Pyrocatechol Guaiacol 3-Methoxytyramine Pyrocatechol H2O O2 3,4- Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde NH3 H2O2 H2O O2 Homovanillin H2O2 NH3 NAD H2O 3,4-Dihydroxybenzeneacetic acid NADH H+ Guaiacol Homovanillic acid Pyrocatechol NAD H2O NADH H+ Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate Pyrroloquinoline quinone Copper Copper Copper Copper FAD FAD Zinc Topaquinone Copper Magnesium Magnesium Magnesium Magnesium Magnesium FAD FAD Fe2+ Magnesium Phenylalanine and Tyrosine Metabolism Thyroid Hormone Synthesis Fe3+ Magnesium Copper Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate Zinc Copper FAD FAD Iron Copper Calcium FAD Calcium Cytosol Extracellular space Melanosome Melanosome Melanosome
TAT GOT1 HPD GSTZ1 FAH DDC ALDH3A1 TYR DBH DDC TYR TYR TYR DCT TYR PNMT MAOA MAOA MAOA MAOA ALDH3A1 ADH1A HGD MIF ABP1 MAOA TYR COMT ALDH3A1 COMT COMT COMT COMT MAOA MAOA HAAO COMT ALDH3A1 Accumulation L-Tyrosine Oxoglutaric acid 4- Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid L-Glutamic acid L-Aspartic acid Oxalacetic acid Oxygen Homogentisic acid Carbon dioxide Accumulation Maleylacetoacetic acid Accumulation 4- Fumarylacetoacetic acid Water Acetoacetic acid Fumaric acid Tyramine Carbon dioxide Homovanillin NADP Water p- Hydroxyphenylacetic acid NADPH Oxygen Dopamine Water Ascorbic acid Oxygen Norepinephrine Dehydroascorbic acid Water L-Dopa Tetrahydrobiopterin 4a- Hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin Oxygen Dopaquinone Water Leucodopachrome L-Dopachrome Oxygen 5,6- Dihydroxyindole Water Oxygen Indole-5,6- quinone Water Melanin 5,6- Dihydroxyindole- 2-carboxylic acid Oxygen Water S- Adenosylmethionine S- Adenosylhomocysteine Epinephrine Water Oxygen 3,4- Dihydroxymandelaldehyde Ammonia Hydrogen peroxide Water Oxygen Methylamine Hydrogen peroxide Normetanephrine Water Oxygen 3-Methoxy-4- hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde Ammonia Hydrogen peroxide Metanephrine Water Oxygen Ammonia Hydrogen peroxide NAD Water 3,4- Dihydroxymandelic acid NADH Hydrogen Ion NAD NADH 3,4- Dihydroxyphenylglycol Oxygen 2-Hydroxy-3- (4- hydroxyphenyl)propenoic acid Water Oxygen Hydrogen peroxide Ammonia Water Oxygen Hydrogen peroxide Ammonia Oxygen Water Guaiacol Pyrocatechol NADP Water Vanillylmandelic acid NADPH Guaiacol Pyrocatechol Guaiacol Vanylglycol Pyrocatechol Guaiacol Pyrocatechol Guaiacol 3- Methoxytyramine Pyrocatechol Water Oxygen 3,4- Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde Ammonia Hydrogen peroxide Water Oxygen Homovanillin Hydrogen peroxide Ammonia NAD Water 3,4- Dihydroxybenzeneacetic acid NADH Hydrogen Ion Guaiacol Homovanillic acid Pyrocatechol NAD Water NADH Hydrogen Ion Phenylalanine and Tyrosine Metabolism Thyroid Hormone Synthesis
TAT GOT1 HPD GSTZ1 FAH DDC ALDH3A1 TYR DBH DDC TYR TYR TYR DCT TYR PNMT MAOA MAOA MAOA MAOA ALDH3A1 ADH1A HGD MIF ABP1 MAOA TYR COMT ALDH3A1 COMT COMT COMT COMT MAOA MAOA HAAO COMT ALDH3A1 Accumulation Tyr AKG 4HPPA Glu Asp Oaa O2 HMGNCA CO2 Accumulation MalaceA Accumulation Fumaryl H2O LIN Fumarat Tyramin CO2 Homovan NADP H2O p-Hpaa NADPH O2 LDP H2O VitC O2 Norpp DHAA H2O L-Dopa BH4 4aHtHbp O2 Dopqone H2O Leucpch L-Dopac O2 56-DHD H2O O2 ind56q H2O Melanin DHD-2CA O2 H2O SAMe SAH Eppy H2O O2 34DIHY NH3 H2O2 H2O O2 Methyla H2O2 Normeta H2O O2 4H3M NH3 H2O2 Meta-np H2O O2 NH3 H2O2 NAD H2O 34-DHMA NADH H+ NAD NADH DHPG O2 4AD H2O O2 H2O2 NH3 H2O O2 H2O2 NH3 O2 H2O Guajol Catecho NADP H2O VMA NADPH Guajol Catecho Guajol Vanygly Catecho Guajol Catecho Guajol 3-Motyr Catecho H2O O2 3,4-HPA NH3 H2O2 H2O O2 Homovan H2O2 NH3 NAD H2O 34DHBzA NADH H+ Guajol HVA Catecho NAD H2O NADH H+ Pyr-5'P Pyr-5'P Pyr-5'P Pqq Cu Cu Cu Cu FAD FAD Zinc TopQne Cu Mg2+ Mg2+ Mg2+ Mg2+ Mg2+ FAD FAD Fe2+ Mg2+ PW000042 PW000693 Fe3+ Mg2+ Cu Pyr-5'P Zinc Cu FAD FAD Iron Cu Ca2+ FAD Ca2+ Cytosol Extracellular space Melanosome Melanosome Melanosome
TAT GOT1 HPD GSTZ1 FAH DDC ALDH3A1 TYR DBH DDC TYR TYR TYR DCT TYR PNMT MAOA MAOA MAOA MAOA ALDH3A1 ADH1A HGD MIF ABP1 MAOA TYR COMT ALDH3A1 COMT COMT COMT COMT MAOA MAOA HAAO COMT ALDH3A1 Accumulation Tyr AKG 4HPPA Glu Asp Oaa O2 HMGNCA CO2 Accumulation MalaceA Accumulation Fumaryl H2O LIN Fumarat Tyramin CO2 Homovan NADP H2O p-Hpaa NADPH O2 LDP H2O VitC O2 Norpp DHAA H2O L-Dopa BH4 4aHtHbp O2 Dopqone H2O Leucpch L-Dopac O2 56-DHD H2O O2 ind56q H2O Melanin DHD-2CA O2 H2O SAMe SAH Eppy H2O O2 34DIHY NH3 H2O2 H2O O2 Methyla H2O2 Normeta H2O O2 4H3M NH3 H2O2 Meta-np H2O O2 NH3 H2O2 NAD H2O 34-DHMA NADH H+ NAD NADH DHPG O2 4AD H2O O2 H2O2 NH3 H2O O2 H2O2 NH3 O2 H2O Guajol Catecho NADP H2O VMA NADPH Guajol Catecho Guajol Vanygly Catecho Guajol Catecho Guajol 3-Motyr Catecho H2O O2 3,4-HPA NH3 H2O2 H2O O2 Homovan H2O2 NH3 NAD H2O 34DHBzA NADH H+ Guajol HVA Catecho NAD H2O NADH H+ PW000042 PW000693