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Pathway Description
Kidney Function
Homo sapiens
Physiological Pathway
Kidneys are regulatory organs involved in removing wastes from the blood, hormone production, nutrient reabsorption, and regulating electrolyte concentrations, acid-base balance, extracellular fluid volume, and blood pressure. The early proximal tubule is where glucose, amino acids, sodium, chlorine, phosphate, bicarbonate, and water are reabsorbed. Only water is reabsorbed in the thin descending loop of Henle, while sodium, chlorine and potassium are reabsorbed in the thick ascending loop of Henle. Sodium and chlorine are also reabsorbed in the early distal convoluted tubule. Finally, sodium and water are reabsorbed in the collecting tubules. Blood pressure is regulated by the hormones angiotensin II and aldosterone, which increases sodium chloride reabsorption. This results in an expansion of the extracellular fluid compartment, thus increasing blood pressure.
References
Kidney Function References
Mount DB: Thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014 Nov 7;9(11):1974-86. doi: 10.2215/CJN.04480413. Epub 2014 Oct 15.
Pubmed: 25318757
Giebisch G: Renal potassium channels: function, regulation, and structure. Kidney Int. 2001 Aug;60(2):436-45. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.060002436.x.
Pubmed: 11473623
Subramanya AR, Ellison DH: Distal convoluted tubule. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014 Dec 5;9(12):2147-63. doi: 10.2215/CJN.05920613. Epub 2014 May 22.
Pubmed: 24855283
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