3-Methylglutaconic Aciduria Type IV, also called MGA, Type IV and MGA4, is a rare inborn error of metabolism (IEM) and autosomal recessive disorder and caused by a defective methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase. Methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase catalyzes the conversion of 3-Methylglutaconyl-CoA into 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA which is the substrate of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase. This disorder is characterized by increased urinary excretion of 3-methylglutaconic acid. Symptoms of the disorder include poor growth and neurological degression. Currently, there is no effective treatment for 3-MGA type IV.
References
3-Methylglutaconic Aciduria Type IV References
[Wikipedia: 3-Methylglutaconic aciduria type 4](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-Methylglutaconic_aciduria_type_4)
Engelke, U., van der Graaf, M., Heerschap, A., Hoenderop, S., Moolenaar, S., Morava, E., Wevers, R. Handbook of 1H-NMR spectroscopy in inborn errors of metabolism: body fluid NMR spectroscopy and in vivo MR spectroscopy (2nd ed) (2007) p.69 Heilbronn: SPS Verlagsgesellschaft
Chitayat D, Chemke J, Gibson KM, Mamer OA, Kronick JB, McGill JJ, Rosenblatt B, Sweetman L, Scriver CR: 3-Methylglutaconic aciduria: a marker for as yet unspecified disorders and the relevance of prenatal diagnosis in a 'new' type ('type 4'). J Inherit Metab Dis. 1992;15(2):204-12.
Wortmann SB, Rodenburg RJ, Jonckheere A, de Vries MC, Huizing M, Heldt K, van den Heuvel LP, Wendel U, Kluijtmans LA, Engelke UF, Wevers RA, Smeitink JA, Morava E: Biochemical and genetic analysis of 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type IV: a diagnostic strategy. Brain. 2009 Jan;132(Pt 1):136-46. doi: 10.1093/brain/awn296. Epub 2008 Nov 16.
Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Degradation References
Lehninger, A.L. Lehninger principles of biochemistry (4th ed.) (2005). New York: W.H Freeman.
Salway, J.G. Metabolism at a glance (3rd ed.) (2004). Alden, Mass.: Blackwell Pub.
Wanders RJ, Duran M, Loupatty FJ: Enzymology of the branched-chain amino acid oxidation disorders: the valine pathway. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2012 Jan;35(1):5-12. doi: 10.1007/s10545-010-9236-x. Epub 2010 Nov 23.
Enter relative concentration values (without units). Elements will be highlighted in a color gradient where red = lowest concentration and green = highest concentration. For the best results, view the pathway in Black and White.