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Pathway Description
Bopindolol Action Pathway
Homo sapiens
Drug Action Pathway
Bopindolol (also known as Sandonorm) is a selective β1 adrenergic receptor antagonist (beta blocker), which can be used for treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension) and irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias). Bopindolol also has the ability to mild intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA) with effective range of dosage. Adrenaline (also known as epinephrine) can activate β1 adrenergic receptor so that the heart rate and output will be increased. Renin is a hormone that generated from kidney, which could lead to constriction of blood vessels. Beta blockers could efficiently prohibit renin release.
References
Bopindolol Pathway References
Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5.
Pubmed: 11752352
Joseph SS, Lynham JA, Molenaar P, Grace AA, Colledge WH, Kaumann AJ: Intrinsic sympathomimetic activity of (-)-pindolol mediated through a (-)-propranolol-resistant site of the beta1-adrenoceptor in human atrium and recombinant receptors. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2003 Dec;368(6):496-503. doi: 10.1007/s00210-003-0835-z. Epub 2003 Nov 8.
Pubmed: 14608456
Doggrell SA: Effects of (+/-)- (+)- and (-)-metoprolol, (+/-)- (+)- and (-)-pindolol, (+/-)-mepindolol and (+/-)-bopindolol on the rat left atria and portal vein. Gen Pharmacol. 1991;22(6):1169-77.
Pubmed: 1687398
Berendsen HH, Broekkamp CL, Van Delft AM: Antagonism of 8-OH-DPAT-induced behaviour in rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 1990 Oct 2;187(1):97-103.
Pubmed: 2148726
Watkins DJ, Lawrence AJ, Lewis SJ, Jarrott B: Loss of [125I]-pindolol binding to beta-adrenoceptors on rat nodose ganglion after chronic isoprenaline treatment. J Auton Nerv Syst. 1996 Aug 27;60(1-2):12-6.
Pubmed: 8884690
Brodde OE, Michel MC, Wang XL, Zerkowski HR: Chronic beta-adrenoceptor antagonist treatment modulates human cardiac and vascular beta-adrenoceptor density in a subtype-selective fashion. J Hypertens Suppl. 1988 Dec;6(4):S497-500.
Pubmed: 2907348
Striated Muscle Contraction References
Cooke R: The sliding filament model: 1972-2004. J Gen Physiol. 2004 Jun;123(6):643-56. doi: 10.1085/jgp.200409089.
Pubmed: 15173218
Szent-Gyorgyi A: The mechanism of muscle contraction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Sep;71(9):3343-4.
Pubmed: 4610574
Kuo IY, Ehrlich BE: Signaling in muscle contraction. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2015 Feb 2;7(2):a006023. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a006023.
Pubmed: 25646377
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