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Pathway Description
Operon: Clp Protease
Escherichia coli
Protein Pathway
The clpPX operon in E. coli contains two genes that form an ATP-dependent protease that is used in the degradation of improperly folded proteins. It may also be a master protease that can degrade any protein if it contains the right factors for degradation. There are no currently known activators or repressors of this operon.
The first gene, clpP, encodes an ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, which combines with identical protein subunits to form two heptameric rings which then assemble back to back to form a disc with a cavity in the middle.
The second gene, clpX, encodes an ATP-dependent Clp protease ATP-binding subunit, which forms a hexameric ring that can bind to the ClpP subunits. This protein is responsible for translocation of proteins to the protease, as well as unfolding of the proteins so they can be degraded.
References
Operon: Clp Protease References
Gottesman S, Clark WP, de Crecy-Lagard V, Maurizi MR: ClpX, an alternative subunit for the ATP-dependent Clp protease of Escherichia coli. Sequence and in vivo activities. J Biol Chem. 1993 Oct 25;268(30):22618-26.
Pubmed: 8226770
Huerta AM, Collado-Vides J: Sigma70 promoters in Escherichia coli: specific transcription in dense regions of overlapping promoter-like signals. J Mol Biol. 2003 Oct 17;333(2):261-78.
Pubmed: 14529615
Li C, Tao YP, Simon LD: Expression of different-size transcripts from the clpP-clpX operon of Escherichia coli during carbon deprivation. J Bacteriol. 2000 Dec;182(23):6630-7.
Pubmed: 11073905
Nonaka G, Blankschien M, Herman C, Gross CA, Rhodius VA: Regulon and promoter analysis of the E. coli heat-shock factor, sigma32, reveals a multifaceted cellular response to heat stress. Genes Dev. 2006 Jul 1;20(13):1776-89. doi: 10.1101/gad.1428206.
Pubmed: 16818608
Viveiros M, Dupont M, Rodrigues L, Couto I, Davin-Regli A, Martins M, Pages JM, Amaral L: Antibiotic stress, genetic response and altered permeability of E. coli. PLoS One. 2007 Apr 11;2(4):e365. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000365.
Pubmed: 17426813
Wade JT, Castro Roa D, Grainger DC, Hurd D, Busby SJ, Struhl K, Nudler E: Extensive functional overlap between sigma factors in Escherichia coli. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2006 Sep;13(9):806-14. doi: 10.1038/nsmb1130. Epub 2006 Aug 6.
Pubmed: 16892065
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