SGLT2 is a sodium/glucose co-transporter that exists almost exclusively in kidney tissue. It is responsible for approximately 90% of the kidney's reabsorption of glucose, and can be found in the S1 segment of the proximal convoluted tubule of the nephron. A defect in the SLC5A2 gene that codes for SGLT2 results in glucosuria, due to the inability of most of the glucose to be reabsorbed by the kidney. There are some drugs that inhibit SGLT2 and are used to decrease blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
References
Glucose Transporter Defect (SGLT2) References
Santer R, Calado J: Familial renal glucosuria and SGLT2: from a mendelian trait to a therapeutic target. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010 Jan;5(1):133-41. doi: 10.2215/CJN.04010609. Epub 2009 Nov 5.
Vallon V, Rose M, Gerasimova M, Satriano J, Platt KA, Koepsell H, Cunard R, Sharma K, Thomson SC, Rieg T: Knockout of Na-glucose transporter SGLT2 attenuates hyperglycemia and glomerular hyperfiltration but not kidney growth or injury in diabetes mellitus. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2013 Jan 15;304(2):F156-67. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00409.2012. Epub 2012 Nov 14.
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