Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic used for the treatment of bacterial infections in various locations, such as in the respiratory tract, skin, soft tissue, and urinary tract. Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It has a very long half-life compared to other cephalosporins and is high penetrable into the meninges, eyes, and inner ear. Organisms that are generally susceptible to ceftriaxone include S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes (group A beta-hemolytic streptococci), coagulase-negative staphylococci, Some Enterobacter spp, H. influenzae, N. gonorrhoeae, P. mirabilis, E. coli, Klebsiella spp, M. catarrhalis, B. burgdorferi, and some oral anaerobes. Ceftriaxone is only given as an injection, either intramuscularly or intravenously. Ceftriaxone is less than 1% bioavailable if given orally. Ceftriaxone inhibits penicillin binding proteins. Penicillin binding proteins are responsible for glycosyltransferase and transpeptidase reactions that lead to cross-linking of D-alanine and D-aspartic acid in bacterial cell walls. Inhibition of this protein leads to upregulation of autolytic enzymes and inhibition of cell wall synthesis. Ceftriaxone eventually leads to cell death.

Ceftriaxone Pathway References