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Pathway Description
Citrullinemia Type I
Homo sapiens
Disease Pathway
Citrullinemia Type 1, also called argininosuccinate synthetase deficiency, argininosuccinic acid synthetase deficiency or ASS deficiency, is a rare inborn error of metabolism (IEM) and autosomal recessive disorder of the urea cycle caused by a deficiency of argininosuccinate synthetase. Argininosuccinate synthetase is an important enzyme in the process of removing nitrogen from the body. This disorder is characterized by a large accumulation of ammonia in the blood as well as other bodily fluids . Symptoms of the disorder include vomiting, lethargy and intracranial pressure. Treatment with protein restriction and intravenous administration of arginine can help manage symptoms, and diet management throughout the patient’s life can also show improvement. It is estimated that citrullinemia type 1 affects 1 in 57,000 individuals.
References
Citrullinemia Type I References
Walser, M. Urea cycle disorders and other hereditary hyperammonemic syndromes. In: Stanbury, J. B.; Wyngaarden, J. B.; Fredrickson, D. S.; Goldstein, J. L.; Brown, M. S. The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease (5th ed) (1983) p. 402-483. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Engelke, U., van der Graaf, M., Heerschap, A., Hoenderop, S., Moolenaar, S., Morava, E., Wevers, R. Handbook of 1H-NMR spectroscopy in inborn errors of metabolism: body fluid NMR spectroscopy and in vivo MR spectroscopy (2nd ed) (2007) p.32 Heilbronn: SPS Verlagsgesellschaft
MCMURRAY WC, RATHBUN JC, MOHYUDDIN F, KOEGLER SJ: CITRULLINURIA. Pediatrics. 1963 Sep;32:347-57.
Pubmed: 14063512
Northrup H, Lathrop M, Lu SY, Daiger SP, Beaudet AL, O'Brien WE: Multilocus linkage analysis with the human argininosuccinate synthetase gene. Genomics. 1989 Oct;5(3):442-4. doi: 10.1016/0888-7543(89)90007-4.
Pubmed: 2575581
Saheki T, Ueda A, Hosoya M, Kusumi K, Takada S, Tsuda M, Katsunuma T: Qualitative and quantitative abnormalities of argininosuccinate synthetase in citrullinemia. Clin Chim Acta. 1981 Feb 5;109(3):325-35. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(81)90318-1.
Pubmed: 6784969
Quinonez SC, Lee KN: Citrullinemia Type I.
Pubmed: 20301631
Lehninger, A.L. Lehninger principles of biochemistry (4th ed.) (2005). New York: W.H Freeman.
Salway, J.G. Metabolism at a glance (3rd ed.) (2004). Alden, Mass.: Blackwell Pub.
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