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Pathway Description
Amantadine NMDA Antagonist Action Pathway
Homo sapiens
Drug Action Pathway
Amantadine is a medication used to treat dyskinesia in Parkinson's patients who are recieving levodopa. It is also an antiviral medicine that is used to treat influenza A. The antiarkinsonic effects are not fully understood, but it appears to release dopamine from the nerve endings of brain cells as well as its NMDA receptor antagonistic effects.
Amantadine is diffused across the blood-brain barrier after being absorbed from the intestine. It then antagonizes the NMDA receptor on the postsynaptic neurons in the brain which causes those neurons to hyperpolarize and prevents depolarization. The exact antiparkinsonic effects of this are unknown.
References
Amantadine NMDA Antagonist Pathway References
Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Guo AC, Lo EJ, Marcu A, Grant JR, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Sayeeda Z, Assempour N, Iynkkaran I, Liu Y, Maciejewski A, Gale N, Wilson A, Chin L, Cummings R, Le D, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M: DrugBank 5.0: a major update to the DrugBank database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D1074-D1082. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1037.
Pubmed: 29126136
Blanpied TA, Clarke RJ, Johnson JW: Amantadine inhibits NMDA receptors by accelerating channel closure during channel block. J Neurosci. 2005 Mar 30;25(13):3312-22. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4262-04.2005.
Pubmed: 15800186
Hesselink MB, De Boer AG, Breimer DD, Danysz W: Adaptations of NMDA and dopamine D2, but not of muscarinic receptors following 14 days administration of uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 1999;106(5-6):409-21. doi: 10.1007/s007020050168.
Pubmed: 10443547
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