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Pathway Description
Demecarium Action Pathway (new)
Homo sapiens
Drug Action Pathway
Demecarium is a cholinesterase inhibitor used in the treatment of glaucoma, acting as an indirect parasympathomimetic agent by increasing acetylcholine levels in the synaptic cleft. The mechanism of action is demecarium the drug acts on acetylcholinesterase and cholinesterase, this increases extracellular levels of acetylcholine stimulating muscarinic receptors that act on g-coupled protein receptors and initiating a downstream cascade of effects. The parasympathetic effect leads the pupil to constrict and stimulate the outflow of aqueous humor reducing intraocular pressure. It is a long-acting cholinesterase and very potent, due to this should only be used in patients with open-angle glaucoma.
References
Demecarium Pathway (new) References
Ward DA, Abney K, Oliver JW: The effects of topical ocular application of 0.25% demecarium bromide on serum acetylcholinesterase levels in normal dogs. Vet Ophthalmol. 2003 Mar;6(1):23-5. doi: 10.1046/j.1463-5224.2003.00257.x.
Pubmed: 12641839
Krohne SG: Effect of topically applied 2% pilocarpine and 0.25% demecarium bromide on blood-aqueous barrier permeability in dogs. Am J Vet Res. 1994 Dec;55(12):1729-33.
Pubmed: 7887518
Gum GG, Gelatt KN, Gelatt JK, Jones R: Effect of topically applied demecarium bromide and echothiophate iodide on intraocular pressure and pupil size in beagles with normotensive eyes and beagles with inherited glaucoma. Am J Vet Res. 1993 Feb;54(2):287-93.
Pubmed: 8430939
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