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Pathways

PathWhiz ID Pathway Meta Data

PW123577

Pw123577 View Pathway
signaling

aha

Homo sapiens

PW064763

Pw064763 View Pathway
protein

Ahr Signal Transduction Pathway

Homo sapiens
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor, known as AHR, is a normally cytosolic transcription factor that can bind to foreign compounds such as flavonoids and indoles from foods, as well as synthetic ligands including polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD). This includes 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), which is the ligand shown in this pathway. AHR interacts with heat shock protein 90 (HSP90AA1), which acts as a chaperone for it. After this association, the ligand, in this case TCDD, can form a covalent bond with the complex in the cell's cytoplasm. This binding causes AHR and the rest of the complex to translocate into the nucleus of the cell. Once in the nucleus, the heat shock protein dissociates, leaving binding sites which the AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT) then binds to. Finally, the AHR/ARNT complex can interact, either directly or indirectly, with the DNA, in this case specifically a dioxin response element. With other ligands, the complex will bind to the equivalent DNA that corresponds to the genes that allow metabolism of the ligand.

PW109196

Pw109196 View Pathway
protein

Ahr Signal Transduction Pathway

Mus musculus
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor, known as AHR, is a normally cytosolic transcription factor that can bind to foreign compounds such as flavonoids and indoles from foods, as well as synthetic ligands including polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD). This includes 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), which is the ligand shown in this pathway. AHR interacts with heat shock protein 90 (HSP90AA1), which acts as a chaperone for it. After this association, the ligand, in this case TCDD, can form a covalent bond with the complex in the cell's cytoplasm. This binding causes AHR and the rest of the complex to translocate into the nucleus of the cell. Once in the nucleus, the heat shock protein dissociates, leaving binding sites which the AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT) then binds to. Finally, the AHR/ARNT complex can interact, either directly or indirectly, with the DNA, in this case specifically a dioxin response element. With other ligands, the complex will bind to the equivalent DNA that corresponds to the genes that allow metabolism of the ligand.

PW109244

Pw109244 View Pathway
protein

Ahr Signal Transduction Pathway

Bos taurus
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor, known as AHR, is a normally cytosolic transcription factor that can bind to foreign compounds such as flavonoids and indoles from foods, as well as synthetic ligands including polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD). This includes 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), which is the ligand shown in this pathway. AHR interacts with heat shock protein 90 (HSP90AA1), which acts as a chaperone for it. After this association, the ligand, in this case TCDD, can form a covalent bond with the complex in the cell's cytoplasm. This binding causes AHR and the rest of the complex to translocate into the nucleus of the cell. Once in the nucleus, the heat shock protein dissociates, leaving binding sites which the AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT) then binds to. Finally, the AHR/ARNT complex can interact, either directly or indirectly, with the DNA, in this case specifically a dioxin response element. With other ligands, the complex will bind to the equivalent DNA that corresponds to the genes that allow metabolism of the ligand.

PW109275

Pw109275 View Pathway
protein

Ahr Signal Transduction Pathway

Rattus norvegicus
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor, known as AHR, is a normally cytosolic transcription factor that can bind to foreign compounds such as flavonoids and indoles from foods, as well as synthetic ligands including polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD). This includes 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), which is the ligand shown in this pathway. AHR interacts with heat shock protein 90 (HSP90AA1), which acts as a chaperone for it. After this association, the ligand, in this case TCDD, can form a covalent bond with the complex in the cell's cytoplasm. This binding causes AHR and the rest of the complex to translocate into the nucleus of the cell. Once in the nucleus, the heat shock protein dissociates, leaving binding sites which the AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT) then binds to. Finally, the AHR/ARNT complex can interact, either directly or indirectly, with the DNA, in this case specifically a dioxin response element. With other ligands, the complex will bind to the equivalent DNA that corresponds to the genes that allow metabolism of the ligand.

PW121703

Pw121703 View Pathway
disease

AICA-Ribosiduria

Mus musculus
AICA-ribosiduria is a metabolic disease caused by a defect in final steps of purine de novo biosynthesis. This defect is caused by a mutation in the ATIC which codes for bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH. A deficiency in this enzyme results in accumulation of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide in urine. Symptoms include mental retardation, epilepsy, dysmorphic features, and congenital blindness.

PW121929

Pw121929 View Pathway
disease

AICA-Ribosiduria

Rattus norvegicus
AICA-ribosiduria is a metabolic disease caused by a defect in final steps of purine de novo biosynthesis. This defect is caused by a mutation in the ATIC which codes for bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH. A deficiency in this enzyme results in accumulation of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide in urine. Symptoms include mental retardation, epilepsy, dysmorphic features, and congenital blindness.

PW000082

Pw000082 View Pathway
disease

AICA-Ribosiduria

Homo sapiens
AICA-ribosiduria is a metabolic disease caused by a defect in final steps of purine de novo biosynthesis. This defect is caused by a mutation in the ATIC which codes for bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH. A deficiency in this enzyme results in accumulation of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide in urine. Symptoms include mental retardation, epilepsy, dysmorphic features, and congenital blindness.

PW127297

Pw127297 View Pathway
disease

AICA-Ribosiduria

Homo sapiens
AICA-ribosiduria is a metabolic disease caused by a defect in final steps of purine de novo biosynthesis. This defect is caused by a mutation in the ATIC which codes for bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH. A deficiency in this enzyme results in accumulation of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide in urine. Symptoms include mental retardation, epilepsy, dysmorphic features, and congenital blindness.

PW127860

Pw127860 View Pathway
drug action

Ajmaline Action Pathway

Homo sapiens
Ajmaline is an antiarrhythmic used to manage a variety of forms of tachycardias. It can be found under the brand names Gilurytmal, Ritmos, and Aritmina. An alkaloid found in the root of Rauwolfia serpentina, among other plant sources. It is a class Ia antiarrhythmic agent that apparently acts by changing the shape and threshold of cardiac action potentials. Ajmaline produces potent sodium channel blocking effects and a very short half-life which makes it a very useful drug for acute intravenous treatments. The drug has been very popular in some countries for the treatment of atrial fibrillation in patients with the Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome and in well tolerated monomorphic ventricular tachycardias. It has also been used for many years as a drug to challenge the conduction system of the heart in cases of bundle branch block and syncope. In these cases, abnormal prolongation of the HV interval has been taken as a proof for infrahisian conduction defects tributary for permanent pacemaker implantation. The class I antiarrhythmic agents interfere with the sodium channel. A class IA agent lengthens the action potential (right shift) which brings about improvement in abnormal heart rhythms. This drug in particular has a high affinity for the Nav 1.5 sodium channel. Some side effects of using ajmaline may include warm flushes, tingling skin, vertigo, and eye twitches.