PathWhiz

PathWhiz ID	Pathway	Meta Data
PW145152 View Pathway	drug action Amoxicillin Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 15:11 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 15:11
PW012914 View Pathway	metabolic AMP Degradation (Hypoxanthine Route) Arabidopsis thaliana Purine nucleotides are eventually degraded to ammonia and carbon dioxide. This pathway follows the degradation of AMP to a urate intermediate in the cytosol via xanthine conversion from hypoxanthine. First, AMP deaminase catalyzes the conversion of AMP is into IMP. Second, the predicted enzyme 5′-nucleotidase (coloured orange in the image) is theorized to convert IMP into inosine. Third, ribonucleoside hydrolase converts inosine into hypoxanthine. Fourth, xanthine dehydrogenase is an enzyme that requires [2Fe-2S] cluster, FAD, and Moco as cofactors for catalyzing two subsequent reaction in the AMP degradation pathway: the conversion of hypoxanthine into xanthine and the conversion of xanthine into urate. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Carin Li Created On: February 24, 2017 at 15:38 Last Updated: February 24, 2017 at 15:38
PW144313 View Pathway	drug action Amphetamine Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 13:22 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 13:22
PW126651 View Pathway	drug action Amphotericin B Action Pathway Homo sapiens Amphotericin B is an anti-fungal drug that is injected intravenously and travels to the target cell through the blood where it is transported into the cell so it can target the fungal cells. It is most effective against candida albicans, but still somewhat effective against other fungal species. This drug has no effect on bacteria, rickettsiae, and viruses. It is used to treat fungal infections in Neutropenic patients, cryptococcal meningitis in HIV infection, fungal infections, and leishmaniasis. It has shown high activity in vitro, but mechanisms in the body are more unknown. Amphotericin B, unlike other anti-fungal drugs, does not target Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase or the synthesis of ergosterol. Instead it targets Ergosterol itself by binding to it in the cell membrane. This binding creates a transmembrane channel that increases membrane permeability which causes intracellular components to leak out of the cell. Eventually the binding of ergosterol causes a loss in membrane integrity which ergosterol maintains and the cell dies. Ergosterol is also required to synthesize new membranes so the fungal cell cannot make new fungal cells. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: February 09, 2022 at 11:30 Last Updated: February 09, 2022 at 11:30
PW144793 View Pathway	drug action Amphotericin B Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 14:26 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 14:26
PW126767 View Pathway	drug action Ampicillin Action Pathway (New) Streptococcus pneumoniae (strain ATCC BAA-255 / R6) Ampicillin is a penicillin derivative used for the treatment of a variety of infections caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as some anaerobes. Ampicillin is used for treatment of infection (Respiratory, GI, UTI and meningitis) due to E. coli, P. mirabilis, enterococci, Shigella, S. typhosa and other Salmonella, nonpenicillinase-producing N. gononhoeae, H. influenzae, staphylococci, streptococci including streptoc By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, Ampicillin inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Penicillin binding proteins are responsible for glycosyltransferase and transpeptidase reactions that lead to cross-linking of D-alanine and D-aspartic acid in bacterial cell walls. Inhibition of this protein leads to upregulation of autolytic enzymes and inhibition of cell wall synthesis. Ampicillin is bactericidal and kills off the bacteria that it affects. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Karxena Harford Created On: March 23, 2022 at 01:03 Last Updated: March 23, 2022 at 01:03
PW144540 View Pathway	drug action Ampicillin Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 13:51 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 13:51
PW127503 View Pathway	drug action Amprenavir Action Pathway Homo sapiens Amprenavir is a protease inhibitor with activity against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1). The HIV virus binds and penetrates host cell. Viral RNA is transcribed into viral DNA via reverse transcriptase. Viral DNA enters the host nucleus and is integrated into the host DNA via integrase. The DNA is then transcribed, creating viral mRNA. Viral mRNA is translater into the gag-pol polyprotein. HIV protease is synthesized as part of the Gag-pol polyprotein, where Gag encodes for the capsid and matrix protein to form the outer protein shell, and Pol encodes for the reverse transcriptase and integrase protein to synthesize and incorporate its genome into host cells. HIV-1 protease cleaves the Gag-pol polyprotein into 66 molecular species, including HIV-1 protease, integrase, and reverse transcriptase. Amprenavir inhibits HIV-1 protease. This inhibition prevents the HIV virion from fully maturing and becoming infective. Using the lipid bilayer of the host cell, a virus is formed and released. The inhibition of HIV-1 protease prevents the necessary molecular species from forming, therefore preventing maturation and activation of viral particles. This forms immature, non-infectious viral particles, therefore, Amprenavir prevents the virus from reproducing. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: March 22, 2023 at 10:17 Last Updated: March 22, 2023 at 10:17
PW144813 View Pathway	drug action Amprenavir Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 14:28 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 14:28
PW176183 View Pathway	metabolic Amprenavir Predicted Metabolism Pathway Homo sapiens Metabolites of Amprenavir are predicted with biotransformer. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Omolola Created On: December 04, 2023 at 12:28 Last Updated: December 04, 2023 at 12:28