PathWhiz

PathWhiz ID	Pathway	Meta Data
PW175932 View Pathway	metabolic Adapalene Predicted Metabolism Homo sapiens Adapalene is a third-generation topical retinoid with anti-comedogenic, comedolytic, and anti-inflammatory properties used to treat acne vulgaris in adolescents and adults. Extensive information regarding adapalene metabolism in humans is unavailable, although it is known to accumulate in the liver and GI-tract. In human, mouse, rat, rabbit, and dog cultured hepatocytes, metabolism appears to affect the methoxybenzene moiety but remains incompletely characterized. The major products of metabolism are glucuronides. Approximately 25% of the drug is metabolized; the rest is excreted as parent drug. Adapalene PIS1M1 is a metabolite of Adapalene predicted with biotransformer. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Omolola Created On: November 15, 2023 at 14:21 Last Updated: November 15, 2023 at 14:21
PW175956 View Pathway	metabolic Adapalene template3 Predicted Metabolism Homo sapiens Metabolites of Adapalene are predicted with biotransformer. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Omolola Created On: November 28, 2023 at 14:10 Last Updated: November 28, 2023 at 14:10
PW000436 View Pathway	drug action Adefovir Dipivoxil Action Pathway Homo sapiens Adefovir dipivoxil is an ester prodrug of adefovir, a nucleotide analogue used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Adefovir dipivoxil is taken up into the liver cell and is cleaved into adefovir by intracellular esterases. Adefovir is subsequently phosphorylated first by adenylate kinases and then by nucleoside diphosphate kinases into adefovir diphosphate. Adefovir diphosphate is an analogue of deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) and competes with dATP for binding to the viral DNA polymerase and subsequent incorporation into the growing DNA strand. Once incorporated into the DNA, adefovir causes chain termination, thus preventing viral replication. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: WishartLab Created On: August 22, 2013 at 10:46 Last Updated: August 22, 2013 at 10:46
PW126450 View Pathway	drug action Adefovir Dipivoxil Action Pathway (New) Homo sapiens Adefovir dipivoxil is a nucleotide analog used to treat chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV). When HBV infects a cell, the virus first binds and fuses with the cell, releasing its nucleocapsid containing its RNA and reverse transcriptase into the cytosol of the cell. The reverse transcriptase converts the viral RNA into viral DNA in the cytosol. The viral DNA goes to the nucleus through the nuclear pore complex where it undergoes the process of transcription. The new viral RNA formed from transcription is transported back to the cytosol through the nuclear pore complex and translation occurs to produce viral proteins. These viral proteins are assembled and new HBV viruses bud from the cell. Adefovir dipivoxil enters the cell and is metabolized to release adefovir by carboxylesterase enzyme. Adefovir is converted into adefovir monophosphate by adenylate kinases. Nucleoside diphosphate kinases then convert adefovir monophosphate into adefovir diphosphate. Adefovir diphosphate is an analog of deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (dATP). Adefovir diphosphate inhibits the activity of HBV reverse transcriptase by competing with its substrate, dATP and by incorporation into viral DNA. Adefovir diphosphate lacks the 3'-OH group which is needed to form the 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage essential for DNA chain elongation, therefore, once adefovir diphosphate gets incorporated into DNA, this causes DNA chain termination, preventing the growth of viral DNA. Less viral proteins are therefore produced, and there is a reduction in new viruses being formed. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Karxena Harford Created On: December 05, 2021 at 22:09 Last Updated: December 05, 2021 at 22:09
PW144830 View Pathway	drug action Adefovir dipivoxil Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 14:31 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 14:31
PW000605 View Pathway	drug metabolism Adefovir Dipivoxil Metabolism Pathway Homo sapiens Adefovir dipivoxil is an ester prodrug of adefovir, a nucleotide analogue used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Adefovir dipivoxil is taken up into the liver cell and is cleaved into adefovir by intracellular esterases. Adefovir is subsequently phosphorylated first by adenylate kinases and then by nucleoside diphosphate kinases into adefovir diphosphate. Adefovir diphosphate is an analogue of deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) and competes with dATP for binding to the viral DNA polymerase and subsequent incorporation into the growing DNA strand. Once incorporated into the DNA, adefovir causes chain termination, thus preventing viral replication. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: WishartLab Created On: September 11, 2013 at 22:33 Last Updated: September 11, 2013 at 22:33
PW144264 View Pathway	drug action Ademetionine Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 13:03 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 13:03
PW534108 View Pathway	metabolic Adenine and Adenosine Salvage I Acetomicrobium hydrogeniformans The salvage of adenine begins with adenine being transporter into the cytosol through a adeP hydrogen symporter. Once in the cytosol adenine is degraded by reacting with a ribose-1-phosphate through an adenosine phosphorylase resulting in the release of a phosphate and adenosine. Adenosine is then deaminated by reacting with water, a hydrogen ion and an adenosine deaminase resulting in the release of an ammonium and a inosine . Inosine then reacts with a phosphate through a inosine phosphorylase resulting in the release of a ribose 1-phosphate and a hypoxanthine. Hypoxanthine reacts with a PRPP through a hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase resulting in the release of a pyrophosphate and a IMP molecule. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Julia Wakoli Created On: February 20, 2025 at 05:18 Last Updated: February 20, 2025 at 05:18
PW497964 View Pathway	metabolic Adenine and Adenosine Salvage I Megasphaera elsdenii DSM 20460 The salvage of adenine begins with adenine being transporter into the cytosol through a adeP hydrogen symporter. Once in the cytosol adenine is degraded by reacting with a ribose-1-phosphate through an adenosine phosphorylase resulting in the release of a phosphate and adenosine. Adenosine is then deaminated by reacting with water, a hydrogen ion and an adenosine deaminase resulting in the release of an ammonium and a inosine . Inosine then reacts with a phosphate through a inosine phosphorylase resulting in the release of a ribose 1-phosphate and a hypoxanthine. Hypoxanthine reacts with a PRPP through a hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase resulting in the release of a pyrophosphate and a IMP molecule. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Julia Wakoli Created On: February 04, 2025 at 10:27 Last Updated: February 04, 2025 at 10:27
PW499530 View Pathway	metabolic Adenine and Adenosine Salvage I Barnesiella intestinihominis YIT 11860 The salvage of adenine begins with adenine being transporter into the cytosol through a adeP hydrogen symporter. Once in the cytosol adenine is degraded by reacting with a ribose-1-phosphate through an adenosine phosphorylase resulting in the release of a phosphate and adenosine. Adenosine is then deaminated by reacting with water, a hydrogen ion and an adenosine deaminase resulting in the release of an ammonium and a inosine . Inosine then reacts with a phosphate through a inosine phosphorylase resulting in the release of a ribose 1-phosphate and a hypoxanthine. Hypoxanthine reacts with a PRPP through a hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase resulting in the release of a pyrophosphate and a IMP molecule. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Julia Wakoli Created On: February 04, 2025 at 20:20 Last Updated: February 04, 2025 at 20:20