PathWhiz

PathWhiz ID	Pathway	Meta Data
PW109195 View Pathway	protein Activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, PKA Mus musculus cAMP dependent protein kinase is a signalling molecule, found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of cells. Cellular regulation and signal transduction in eukaryotic cells is driven by the phosphorylation of proteins. cAMP dependent protein kinase is created as an active enzyme, which is made possible by a fully phosphorylated activation loop. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ana Marcu Created On: August 31, 2018 at 12:31 Last Updated: August 31, 2018 at 12:31
PW064756 View Pathway	protein Activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, PKA Homo sapiens cAMP dependent protein kinase is a signalling molecule, found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of cells. Cellular regulation and signal transduction in eukaryotic cells is driven by the phosphorylation of proteins. cAMP dependent protein kinase is created as an active enzyme, which is made possible by a fully phosphorylated activation loop. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Noah Created On: June 11, 2018 at 11:19 Last Updated: June 11, 2018 at 11:19
PW109274 View Pathway	protein Activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, PKA Rattus norvegicus cAMP dependent protein kinase is a signalling molecule, found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of cells. Cellular regulation and signal transduction in eukaryotic cells is driven by the phosphorylation of proteins. cAMP dependent protein kinase is created as an active enzyme, which is made possible by a fully phosphorylated activation loop. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ana Marcu Created On: August 31, 2018 at 12:48 Last Updated: August 31, 2018 at 12:48
PW109243 View Pathway	protein Activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, PKA Bos taurus cAMP dependent protein kinase is a signalling molecule, found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of cells. Cellular regulation and signal transduction in eukaryotic cells is driven by the phosphorylation of proteins. cAMP dependent protein kinase is created as an active enzyme, which is made possible by a fully phosphorylated activation loop. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ana Marcu Created On: August 31, 2018 at 12:40 Last Updated: August 31, 2018 at 12:40
PW146067 View Pathway	drug action Activated charcoal Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 17:19 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 17:19
PW132188 View Pathway	metabolic Activated charcoal Drug Metabolism Homo sapiens Activated charcoal is a drug that is not metabolized by the human body as determined by current research and biotransformer analysis. Activated charcoal passes through the liver and is then excreted from the body mainly through the kidney. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: September 21, 2023 at 20:00 Last Updated: September 21, 2023 at 20:00
PW176315 View Pathway	metabolic Acrivastine Predicted Metabolism Pathway Homo sapiens Metabolites of sildenafil are predicted with biotransformer. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Omolola Created On: December 07, 2023 at 15:01 Last Updated: December 07, 2023 at 15:01
PW176786 View Pathway	drug action Acrivastine H1-Antihistamine Immune Response Action Pathway Homo sapiens Acrivastine is an antihistamine agent used for the symptomatic relief of seasonal allergic rhinitis such as sneezing, rhinorrhea, pruritus, lacrimation, and nasal congestion. H1-antihistamines interfere with the agonist action of histamine at the H1 receptor and are administered to attenuate inflammatory process in order to treat conditions such as allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and urticaria. H1-antihistamines act on H1 receptors in T-cells to inhibit the immune response, in blood vessels to constrict dilated blood vessels, and in smooth muscles of lungs and intestines to relax those muscles. H1-antihistamines interfere with the agonist action of histamine at the H1 receptor and are administered to attenuate inflammatory process in order to treat conditions such as allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and urticaria. Reducing the activity of the NF-κB immune response transcription factor through the phospholipase C and the phosphatidylinositol (PIP2) signalling pathways also decreases antigen presentation and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, and chemotactic factors. Furthermore, lowering calcium ion concentration leads to increased mast cell stability which reduces further histamine release. First-generation antihistamines readily cross the blood-brain barrier and cause sedation and other adverse central nervous system (CNS) effects (e.g. nervousness and insomnia). Second-generation antihistamines are more selective for H1-receptors of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and do not cross the blood-brain barrier. Consequently, these newer drugs elicit fewer adverse drug reactions. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Carin Li Created On: December 19, 2023 at 15:05 Last Updated: December 19, 2023 at 15:05
PW176694 View Pathway	drug action Acrivastine H1-Antihistamine Blood Vessel Constriction Action Pathway Homo sapiens Acrivastine is an antihistamine agent used for the symptomatic relief of seasonal allergic rhinitis such as sneezing, rhinorrhea, pruritus, lacrimation, and nasal congestion. H1-antihistamines interfere with the agonist action of histamine at the H1 receptor and are administered to attenuate inflammatory process in order to treat conditions such as allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and urticaria. H1-antihistamines act on H1 receptors in T-cells to inhibit the immune response, in blood vessels to constrict dilated blood vessels, and in smooth muscles of lungs and intestines to relax those muscles. Allergies causes blood vessel dilation which causes swelling (edema) and fluid leakage. Acrivastine inhibits the H1 histamine receptor on blood vessel endothelial cells. This normally activates the Gq signalling cascade which activates phospholipase C which catalyzes the production of Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and Diacylglycerol (DAG). Because of the inhibition, IP3 doesn't activate the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and DAG doesn't activate the release of calcium into the cytosol of the endothelial cell. This causes a low concentration of calcium in the cytosol, and it, therefore, cannot bind to calmodulin. Calcium bound calmodulin is required for the activation of the calmodulin-binding domain of nitric oxide synthase. The inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis prevents the activation of myosin light chain phosphatase. This causes an accumulation of myosin light chain-phosphate which causes the muscle to contract and the blood vessel to constrict, decreasing the swelling and fluid leakage from the blood vessels caused by allergens. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: December 19, 2023 at 13:51 Last Updated: December 19, 2023 at 13:51
PW060826 View Pathway	drug action Acrivastine H1-Antihistamine Action Homo sapiens Acrivastine is a second-generation alkylamine H1-antihistamine. H1-antihistamines interfere with the agonist action of histamine at the H1 receptor and are administered to attenuate inflammatory process in order to treat conditions such as allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and urticaria. Reducing the activity of the NF-κB immune response transcription factor through the phospholipase C and the phosphatidylinositol (PIP2) signalling pathways also decreases antigen presentation and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, and chemotactic factors. Furthermore, lowering calcium ion concentration leads to increased mast cell stability which reduces further histamine release. First-generation antihistamines readily cross the blood-brain barrier and cause sedation and other adverse central nervous system (CNS) effects (e.g. nervousness and insomnia). Second-generation antihistamines are more selective for H1-receptors of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and do not cross the blood-brain barrier. Consequently, these newer drugs elicit fewer adverse drug reactions. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Carin Li Created On: September 19, 2017 at 16:08 Last Updated: September 19, 2017 at 16:08