PathWhiz

PathWhiz ID	Pathway	Meta Data
PW176494 View Pathway	metabolic Tacrine Predicted Metabolism Pathway Homo sapiens Metabolites of Tacrine are predicted with biotransformer. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Omolola Created On: December 13, 2023 at 11:27 Last Updated: December 13, 2023 at 11:27
PW126048 View Pathway	drug action Tacrolimus Action Pathway Homo sapiens Tacrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor that is most often used as an immunosuppressive drug for organ transplant patients in order to reduce the activity of the immune system lowering the risk of organ rejection. Tacrolimus is administered orally or through a topical treatment which allows the drug to be absorbed into the bloodstream. Tacrolimus enters T-cells through the ABC or SLC transporters like ABCB1 and works by forming a complex with FKBP12 with inhibits calcineurin with leads to reduced T cell signal transduction and IL-2 transcription. IL-2 is an important mediator for T-cell activation, differentiation and migration which is through mTOR signalling. Lower IL-2 production and signal transduction leads to less activated immune cells leading to a weaker immune system. Tacrolimus also inhibits the transcription for genes encoding IL-3,4,5, GM-SCF, and TNF as well which are also involved in T cell activation. Organ transplant patients take tacrolimus after allogenic organ transplant for liver, kidney, heart, small bowel, pancreas, lung, trachea, skin, cornea and limb transplant. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Kristen Yee Created On: June 04, 2021 at 20:59 Last Updated: June 04, 2021 at 20:59
PW144968 View Pathway	drug action Tacrolimus Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 14:49 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 14:49
PW126650 View Pathway	drug action Tadalafil Action Pathway (New) Homo sapiens Tadalafil is a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, similar to sildenafil; however, tadalafil has a longer duration of action. Sexual stimulation causes the release of nitric oxide (NO) from nerves and endothelial cells into the penis. NO activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase.2 The activation of this enzyme is followed by the synthesis of cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP), activating a cascade of protein kinase-dependent phosphorylation events in smooth muscles, ultimately resulting in the dephosphorylation of myosin light chains within smooth muscle. This activity causes the relaxation of smooth muscle within blood vessels, resulting in the desired vasodilatory effect. Phosphodiesterase-5 breaks down cGMP to GMP. Tadalafil inhibits phosphodiesterase-5, preventing the breakdown of cGMP. This increases the concentration of cGMP, increasing the vasodilation and improving blood flow leading to penile erection. Tadalafil is usually administered orally. It is currently also in use as a therapeutic agent in cardiovascular conditions (e.g. pulmonary arterial hypertension) and being investigated for use in some cancers (as an antihyperplasic agent). BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Nitya Khetarpal Created On: February 08, 2022 at 16:55 Last Updated: February 08, 2022 at 16:55
PW144926 View Pathway	drug action Tadalafil Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 14:43 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 14:43
PW176141 View Pathway	metabolic Tadalafil Predicted Metabolism Pathway new Homo sapiens Metabolites of Tadalafil are predicted with biotransformer. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Omolola Created On: November 29, 2023 at 14:16 Last Updated: November 29, 2023 at 14:16
PW146419 View Pathway	drug action Tafamidis Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 18:09 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 18:09
PW145724 View Pathway	drug action Tafenoquine Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 16:28 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 16:28
PW176888 View Pathway	drug action Tafluprost Action Pathway Homo sapiens Tafluprost is a prostaglandin E1 analog that reduces the risk of NSAID-induced gastric ulcers. Tafluprost stimulates prostaglandin receptors on parietal cells in the stomach to reduce gastric acid secretion. Tafluprost activates prostaglandin EP3 receptors in parietal cells. Activation of this receptor triggers the Gi protein signaling cascade, inhibiting adenylate cyclase. Adenylate cyclase is responsible for converting ATP to cAMP, therefore, inhibition of adenylate cyclase reduces cytosolic cAMP concentration. cAMP is responsible for activating protein kinase A. With lower concentrations of cAMP, less protein kinase A is activated. Protein kinase A activates the proton pump in the luminal membrane of the parietal cell. The role of the proton pump is to secrete acid (H+) into the stomach lumen. With reduced protein kinase A activation, this decreases the activity of the proton pump, fewer H+ ions are pumped into the lumen, reducing the acidity and thus allowing stomach ulcers to heal and reducing the pain caused by the ulcers. Tafluprost may also promote ulcer healing by increasing mucus and bicarbonate secretion and thickening the mucosal bilayer so the mucosa can generate new cells. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: December 20, 2023 at 09:42 Last Updated: December 20, 2023 at 09:42
PW145843 View Pathway	drug action Tafluprost Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 16:48 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 16:48