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Pathways

PathWhiz ID Pathway Meta Data

PW144955

Pw144955 View Pathway
drug action

Perphenazine Drug Metabolism Action Pathway

Homo sapiens

PW128129

Pw128129 View Pathway
drug action

Perphenazine Mechanism of Action Action Pathway

Homo sapiens
Perphenazine is a piperazinyl phenothiazine first generation antipsychotic that acts on the central nervous system, and has a greater behavioral potency than other phenothiazine derivatives whose side chains do not contain a piperazine moiety. Binds to the dopamine D1 and dopamine D2 receptors and inhibits their activity. The mechanism of the anti-emetic effect is due predominantly to blockage of the dopamine D2 neurotransmitter receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and vomiting centre. Perphenazine also binds the alpha adrenergic receptor. This receptor's action is mediated by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system.

PW123652

Pw123652 View Pathway
drug action

peter

peter

PW146205

Pw146205 View Pathway
drug action

Petrolatum Drug Metabolism Action Pathway

Homo sapiens

PW146575

Pw146575 View Pathway
drug action

Pexidartinib Drug Metabolism Action Pathway

Homo sapiens

PW176283

Pw176283 View Pathway
metabolic

Pexidartinib Predicted Metabolism Pathway

Homo sapiens
Metabolites of Pexidartinib are predicted with biotransformer.

PW123681

Pw123681 View Pathway
signaling

PGE2 receptor signaling

Homo sapiens

PW012893

Pw012893 View Pathway
metabolic

Phaseic Acid Biosynthesis

Arabidopsis thaliana
Phaseic acid biosynthesis is a pathway that begins in the chloroplast and ends in the cytosol by which violaxanthin becomes phaseic acid (PA) and its derivative dihydrophaseic acid (DPA), synthesizing abscisic acid in the process. PA and DPA are inactive forms of abscisic acid whose synthesis provides a mechanism for controlling abscisic acid concentration. First, neoxanthin synthase catalyzes the opening of the violaxanthin epoxide ring to form neoxanthin. Second, a yet unidentified neoxanthin isomerase is theorized to isomerize neoxanthin to 9'-cis-neoxanthin. Third, 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) uses oxygen to cleave 9'-cis-neoxanthin to form xanthoxin and C25-allenic-apo-aldehyde. This enzyme requires Fe2+ as a cofactor. Next, a xanthoxin transporter is theorized to export xanthoxin from the chloroplast into the cytosol to continue abscisic acid biosynthesis, but it has yet to be discovered. Fourth, xanthoxin dehydrogenase, located in the cytosol, catalyzes the conversion of xanthoxin and NAD to abscisic aldehyde, NADH, and a proton with the help of a molybdenum cofactor (MoCo). Fifth, abscisic-aldehyde oxidase converts abscisic aldehyde, water, and oxygen into hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen ion, and abscisic acid. Sixth, abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase / abscisic acid 9'-hydroxylase uses NADPH, oxygen, and a proton to convert abscisic acid into 8'-hydroxyabscisate and water. Seventh, 8'-hydroxyabscisate spontaneously becomes phaseic acid. Eighth, the predicted enzyme phaseic acid reductase (coloured orange in the image) is theorized to catalyze the conversion of phaseic acid into dihydroxyphaseic acid.

PW145210

Pw145210 View Pathway
drug action

Phenacemide Drug Metabolism Action Pathway

Homo sapiens

PW176350

Pw176350 View Pathway
metabolic

Phenacemide Predicted Metabolism Pathway

Homo sapiens
Metabolites of sildenafil are predicted with biotransformer.