PathWhiz

PathWhiz ID	Pathway	Meta Data
PW123924 View Pathway	metabolic Taurine & Hypotaurine Metabolism Drosophila melanogaster Taurine and hypotaurine are aminosulfinic acids. Taurine has many physiological functions as neuromodulators, membrane stabilizers, facilitator of ion transport and aiding auditory transduction. Hypotaurine has roles such as antioxidant and a protective agent. Taurine and hypotaurine are synthesized from L-cysteine. L-Cysteine is involved in cyanoacid metabolism and glutathione metabolism. L-Cysteine goes through redox reactions, elimination reactions and other metabolism pathways to eventually form taurine and hypotaurine. L-Cysteine is converted to cysteamine, which can then form hypotaurine through the enzyme cysteamine dioxygenase. L-Cysteine can also be converted to 3-sulfinoalanine through the enzyme cysteine dioxygenase. Hypotaurine can then be formed from the enzymes glutamate decarboxylase and sulfinoalanine decarboxylase acting on 3-sulfinoalanine. 3-sulfinoalanine can form taurine by first converting to L-cysteate. L-Cysteate is then metabolized to taurine via glutamate decarboxylase and sulfinoalanine decarboxylase. The hypotaurine formed in this pathway can be metabolised to taurine, then taurine is metabolised to 5-L-glutamyl-taurine by reacting with (5-L-glutamyl)-peptide via the enzyme gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase. Taurine can also undergo excretion from the organism. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Karxena Harford Created On: June 09, 2020 at 15:01 Last Updated: June 09, 2020 at 15:01
PW002480 View Pathway	metabolic Taurine and Hypotaurine Biosynthesis Saccharomyces cerevisiae The biosynthesis of taurine and hypotaurine is processed by the same protein, glutamate decarboxylase. Hypotaurine is produced by 3-sulfino-L-alanine reacting with glutamate decarboxylase resulting in the release of carbon dioxide and hypotaurine. Taurine is produced by L-cysteate reacting with a glutamate decarboxylase resulting in the release of Taurine and carbon dioxide BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: miguel ramirez Created On: February 22, 2016 at 14:36 Last Updated: February 22, 2016 at 14:36
PW122344 View Pathway	metabolic Taurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism Drosophila melanogaster BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Eponine Oler Created On: February 12, 2019 at 12:00 Last Updated: February 12, 2019 at 12:00
PW122490 View Pathway	metabolic Taurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism Xenopus laevis BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Eponine Oler Created On: May 01, 2019 at 10:59 Last Updated: May 01, 2019 at 10:59
PW088233 View Pathway	metabolic Taurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism Bos taurus There is an organic acid known as Taurine, which is a derivative product of sulfhydryl amino acid (which contains sulfur), as well as cysteine. The synthesis or metabolism in mammalian systems of this acid transpires within the pancreas in such a fashion that it utilizes a pathway known as the cysteine sulfinic acid pathway. To put this process in context, its occurrence is often seen in vivo, in hepatocytes, and is fundamental in the cyclical process of recovering bile acids from the intenstine, turning them back into salts and returning them to the bile. In essence the cysteine pathway induces a sulfhydryl group to be oxidized, creating cysteine sulfinic acid, by utilizing the appropriate enzymes (ie cysteine dioxygenase). This new acid undergoes decarboxylation creating a new compound: hypotaurine. This process goes on as Taurine now is subjected to conjugation vis a vis its amino terminal group. This includes acids such as chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid, and in turn the formation of bile salts occurs. Moreover, this entire process can be catalyzed via bile acid and a special amino acid N-acetyltransferase. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ana Marcu Created On: August 10, 2018 at 11:30 Last Updated: August 10, 2018 at 11:30
PW122491 View Pathway	metabolic Taurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism Danio rerio BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Eponine Oler Created On: May 01, 2019 at 10:59 Last Updated: May 01, 2019 at 10:59
PW064657 View Pathway	metabolic Taurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism Mus musculus There is an organic acid known as Taurine, which is a derivative product of sulfhydryl amino acid (which contains sulfur), as well as cysteine. The synthesis or metabolism in mammalian systems of this acid transpires within the pancreas in such a fashion that it utilizes a pathway known as the cysteine sulfinic acid pathway. To put this process in context, its occurrence is often seen in vivo, in hepatocytes, and is fundamental in the cyclical process of recovering bile acids from the intenstine, turning them back into salts and returning them to the bile. In essence the cysteine pathway induces a sulfhydryl group to be oxidized, creating cysteine sulfinic acid, by utilizing the appropriate enzymes (ie cysteine dioxygenase). This new acid undergoes decarboxylation creating a new compound: hypotaurine. This process goes on as Taurine now is subjected to conjugation vis a vis its amino terminal group. This includes acids such as chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid, and in turn the formation of bile salts occurs. Moreover, this entire process can be catalyzed via bile acid and a special amino acid N-acetyltransferase. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Carin Li Created On: January 21, 2018 at 23:52 Last Updated: January 21, 2018 at 23:52
PW088328 View Pathway	metabolic Taurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism Rattus norvegicus There is an organic acid known as Taurine, which is a derivative product of sulfhydryl amino acid (which contains sulfur), as well as cysteine. The synthesis or metabolism in mammalian systems of this acid transpires within the pancreas in such a fashion that it utilizes a pathway known as the cysteine sulfinic acid pathway. To put this process in context, its occurrence is often seen in vivo, in hepatocytes, and is fundamental in the cyclical process of recovering bile acids from the intenstine, turning them back into salts and returning them to the bile. In essence the cysteine pathway induces a sulfhydryl group to be oxidized, creating cysteine sulfinic acid, by utilizing the appropriate enzymes (ie cysteine dioxygenase). This new acid undergoes decarboxylation creating a new compound: hypotaurine. This process goes on as Taurine now is subjected to conjugation vis a vis its amino terminal group. This includes acids such as chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid, and in turn the formation of bile salts occurs. Moreover, this entire process can be catalyzed via bile acid and a special amino acid N-acetyltransferase. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ana Marcu Created On: August 10, 2018 at 13:47 Last Updated: August 10, 2018 at 13:47
PW000038 View Pathway	metabolic Taurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism Homo sapiens There is an organic acid known as Taurine, which is a derivative product of sulfhydryl amino acid (which contains sulfur), as well as cysteine. The synthesis or metabolism in mammalian systems of this acid transpires within the pancreas in such a fashion that it utilizes a pathway known as the cysteine sulfinic acid pathway. To put this process in context, its occurrence is often seen in vivo, in hepatocytes, and is fundamental in the cyclical process of recovering bile acids from the intenstine, turning them back into salts and returning them to the bile. In essence the cysteine pathway induces a sulfhydryl group to be oxidized, creating cysteine sulfinic acid, by utilizing the appropriate enzymes (ie cysteine dioxygenase). This new acid undergoes decarboxylation creating a new compound: hypotaurine. This process goes on as Taurine now is subjected to conjugation vis a vis its amino terminal group. This includes acids such as chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid, and in turn the formation of bile salts occurs. Moreover, this entire process can be catalyzed via bile acid and a special amino acid N-acetyltransferase. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: WishartLab Created On: August 01, 2013 at 13:54 Last Updated: August 01, 2013 at 13:54
PW145503 View Pathway	drug action Taurine Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 15:57 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 15:57