1838
Pathway
Adenine and Adenosine Salvage I
The salvage of adenine begins with adenine being transporter into the cytosol through a adeP hydrogen symporter. Once in the cytosol adenine is degraded by reacting with a ribose-1-phosphate through an adenosine phosphorylase resulting in the release of a phosphate and adenosine. Adenosine is then deaminated by reacting with water, a hydrogen ion and an adenosine deaminase resulting in the release of an ammonium and a inosine . Inosine then reacts with a phosphate through a inosine phosphorylase resulting in the release of a ribose 1-phosphate and a hypoxanthine. Hypoxanthine reacts with a PRPP through a hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase resulting in the release of a pyrophosphate and a IMP molecule.
Metabolic
PW002069
Center
PathwayVisualizationContext2356
2400
2150
#000099
PathwayVisualization1822
1838
Adenine and Adenosine Salvage I
The salvage of adenine begins with adenine being transporter into the cytosol through a adeP hydrogen symporter. Once in the cytosol adenine is degraded by reacting with a ribose-1-phosphate through an adenosine phosphorylase resulting in the release of a phosphate and adenosine. Adenosine is then deaminated by reacting with water, a hydrogen ion and an adenosine deaminase resulting in the release of an ammonium and a inosine . Inosine then reacts with a phosphate through a inosine phosphorylase resulting in the release of a ribose 1-phosphate and a hypoxanthine. Hypoxanthine reacts with a PRPP through a hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase resulting in the release of a pyrophosphate and a IMP molecule.
Metabolic
3
3851
8165228
Burton K: Adenine transport in Escherichia coli. Proc Biol Sci. 1994 Feb 22;255(1343):153-7. doi: 10.1098/rspb.1994.0022.
1838
Pathway
3852
10986234
Xi H, Schneider BL, Reitzer L: Purine catabolism in Escherichia coli and function of xanthine dehydrogenase in purine salvage. J Bacteriol. 2000 Oct;182(19):5332-41.
1838
Pathway
279542
Escherichia coli and Salmonella: Cellular and Molecular Biology (EcoSal). Online edition.
1838
Pathway
1
Cell
CL:0000000
4
Cardiomyocyte
CL:0000746
3
Neuron
CL:0000540
7
Epithelial Cell
CL:0000066
5
Hepatocyte
CL:0000182
1
Homo sapiens
9606
Eukaryote
Human
18
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
4932
Eukaryote
Yeast
12
Mus musculus
10090
Eukaryote
Mouse
5
Bos taurus
9913
Eukaryote
Cattle
17
Rattus norvegicus
10116
Eukaryote
Rat
10
Drosophila melanogaster
7227
Eukaryote
Fruit fly
6
Caenorhabditis elegans
6239
Eukaryote
Roundworm
2
Bacteria
2
Prokaryote
Bacteria
3
Escherichia coli
562
Prokaryote
19
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
4896
Eukaryote
24
Solanum lycopersicum
4081
Eukaryote
Tomato
4
Arabidopsis thaliana
3702
Eukaryote
Thale cress
21
Xenopus laevis
8355
Eukaryote
African clawed frog
29
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)
559292
Eukaryote
Baker's yeast
25
Escherichia coli (strain K12)
83333
Prokaryote
49
Bathymodiolus platifrons
220390
Eukaryote
Deep sea mussel
23
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
287
Prokaryote
60
Nitzschia sp.
0001
Eukaryote
Nitzschia4
51
Picea sitchensis
3332
Eukaryote
Sitka spruce
1
Cytosol
GO:0005829
5
Cytoplasm
GO:0005737
3
Mitochondrial Matrix
GO:0005759
4
Peroxisome
GO:0005777
13
Endoplasmic Reticulum
GO:0005783
2
Mitochondrion
GO:0005739
10
Cell Membrane
GO:0005886
7
Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane
GO:0005789
19
sarcoplasmic reticulum
GO:0016529
15
Nucleus
GO:0005634
14
Mitochondrial Outer Membrane
GO:0005741
31
Periplasmic Space
GO:0005620
35
Chloroplast
GO:0009507
34
Plant-Type Vacuole
GO:0000325
12
Mitochondrial Inner Membrane
GO:0005743
32
Inner Membrane
GO:0070258
11
Extracellular Space
GO:0005615
6
Lysosome
GO:0005764
16
Lysosomal Lumen
GO:0043202
18
Melanosome Membrane
GO:0033162
25
Golgi apparatus
GO:0005794
20
Endoplasmic Reticulum Lumen
GO:0005788
21
Synapse
GO:0045202
36
Membrane
GO:0016020
53
Endoplasmic Reticulum Body
GO:0010168
40
Periplasm
GO:0042597
24
Mitochondrial Intermembrane Space
GO:0005758
27
Peroxisome Membrane
GO:0005778
1
Liver
BTO:0000759
72
9
25
Intestine
BTO:0000648
4
Adrenal Medulla
BTO:0000049
71
8
28
Stomach
BTO:0001307
155
26
7
Nervous System
BTO:0001484
8
Blood Vessel
BTO:0001102
74
11
11
Heart
BTO:0000562
73
10
2
1
1
1
PW_BS000002
8
5
1
1
PW_BS000008
198
5
18
1
PW_BS000024
132
1
12
1
PW_BS000132
111
5
12
1
PW_BS000111
122
5
5
1
PW_BS000122
124
1
5
1
PW_BS000124
135
5
17
1
PW_BS000135
118
1
17
1
PW_BS000118
299
1
10
1
PW_BS000024
388
1
6
1
PW_BS000112
4
3
1
1
PW_BS000004
5
4
1
1
PW_BS000005
18
13
1
1
PW_BS000018
3
2
1
1
PW_BS000003
14
10
1
PW_BS000014
49
7
1
1
PW_BS000049
10
1
7
1
1
PW_BS000010
47
19
1
4
PW_BS000047
46
1
1
4
PW_BS000046
29
1
1
1
PW_BS000029
72
5
1
3
PW_BS000072
61
25
1
7
PW_BS000061
23
15
1
1
PW_BS000023
22
14
1
1
PW_BS000022
31
1
5
1
1
PW_BS000031
27
15
1
PW_BS000027
7
1
1
PW_BS000007
97
1
5
2
1
PW_BS000097
100
5
2
1
PW_BS000100
112
2
12
1
PW_BS000112
103
3
3
1
PW_BS000103
120
3
17
1
PW_BS000120
129
1
5
12
1
PW_BS000129
133
3
12
1
PW_BS000133
108
1
3
PW_BS000108
6
1
3
1
PW_BS000006
143
1
5
19
1
PW_BS000143
146
5
19
1
PW_BS000146
147
1
24
1
PW_BS000147
151
1
4
1
PW_BS000151
155
3
24
1
PW_BS000155
161
3
18
1
PW_BS000161
107
31
3
PW_BS000107
178
3
21
1
PW_BS000178
101
5
3
1
PW_BS000101
117
1
3
1
PW_BS000117
188
1
18
PW_BS000024
160
1
18
1
PW_BS000160
205
5
6
1
PW_BS000024
206
2
6
1
PW_BS000024
211
10
18
PW_BS000024
210
13
18
1
PW_BS000024
212
1
7
18
1
PW_BS000024
163
2
18
1
PW_BS000163
222
3
4
1
PW_BS000024
225
35
4
1
PW_BS000024
227
34
4
1
PW_BS000024
241
5
29
PW_BS000024
257
15
29
1
PW_BS000024
115
10
12
PW_BS000115
213
7
18
1
PW_BS000024
170
18
PW_BS000170
164
4
PW_BS000164
281
1
25
1
PW_BS000024
290
5
49
1
PW_BS000024
223
12
4
1
PW_BS000024
17
12
1
1
PW_BS000017
304
1
2
PW_BS000024
315
1
23
PW_BS000024
318
31
23
PW_BS000024
322
1
23
1
PW_BS000024
253
5
4
1
PW_BS000024
293
4
1
PW_BS000024
134
12
12
1
PW_BS000134
336
1
12
1
PW_BS000028
130
13
12
1
PW_BS000130
332
1
7
12
1
PW_BS000028
329
14
12
1
PW_BS000028
353
25
12
7
PW_BS000028
331
7
12
1
PW_BS000028
368
3
60
1
PW_BS000028
308
10
1
1
PW_BS000024
383
7
5
1
PW_BS000100
384
12
5
1
PW_BS000100
390
7
6
1
PW_BS000112
391
12
6
1
PW_BS000112
94
3
PW_BS000094
398
7
17
1
PW_BS000113
109
32
3
PW_BS000109
406
3
5
1
PW_BS000115
407
2
5
1
PW_BS000115
125
13
5
1
PW_BS000125
429
1
5
1
PW_BS000115
121
12
17
1
PW_BS000121
123
1
7
5
1
PW_BS000123
382
14
5
1
PW_BS000100
405
10
5
PW_BS000115
119
2
17
1
PW_BS000119
136
13
17
1
PW_BS000136
464
1
17
1
PW_BS000115
447
1
7
17
1
PW_BS000115
399
14
17
1
PW_BS000113
376
10
17
PW_BS000053
472
25
17
7
PW_BS000115
479
3
10
1
PW_BS000115
297
5
10
1
PW_BS000024
481
2
10
1
PW_BS000115
478
10
10
PW_BS000115
300
13
10
1
PW_BS000024
298
1
7
10
1
PW_BS000024
484
14
10
1
PW_BS000115
501
3
6
1
PW_BS000115
209
10
6
PW_BS000024
395
13
6
1
PW_BS000113
513
1
7
6
1
PW_BS000115
389
14
6
1
PW_BS000112
15
11
1
PW_BS000015
249
13
4
1
PW_BS000024
9
6
1
1
PW_BS000009
13
1
2
1
PW_BS000013
28
1
16
1
1
PW_BS000028
20
4
1
1
1
PW_BS000020
33
18
1
1
PW_BS000033
54
1
3
1
5
PW_BS000054
43
25
1
1
PW_BS000043
24
4
10
1
1
PW_BS000024
60
25
1
PW_BS000060
70
28
5
1
1
PW_BS000070
36
1
20
1
1
PW_BS000036
37
7
21
1
3
PW_BS000037
93
25
20
1
1
PW_BS000093
105
11
3
PW_BS000105
113
6
12
1
PW_BS000113
110
2
3
1
PW_BS000110
126
6
5
1
PW_BS000126
127
1
16
5
1
PW_BS000127
114
11
12
PW_BS000114
140
10
3
PW_BS000140
95
1
7
2
1
PW_BS000095
157
2
24
1
PW_BS000157
159
24
PW_BS000159
1
1
PW_BS000001
166
1
1
PW_BS000166
180
2
21
1
PW_BS000180
152
8
4
PW_BS000152
207
6
6
1
PW_BS000024
214
25
18
1
PW_BS000024
215
6
18
1
PW_BS000024
216
4
18
1
PW_BS000024
224
2
4
1
PW_BS000024
190
11
18
PW_BS000024
226
4
4
1
PW_BS000024
162
12
18
1
PW_BS000162
26
1
1
1
5
PW_BS000026
277
1
2
18
PW_BS000024
285
10
4
1
PW_BS000024
286
36
4
1
PW_BS000024
287
53
4
1
PW_BS000024
65
11
1
PW_BS000065
291
6
49
1
PW_BS000024
292
4
49
1
PW_BS000024
301
6
10
1
PW_BS000024
302
1
16
10
1
PW_BS000024
294
11
4
1
PW_BS000024
333
1
2
12
PW_BS000028
334
4
12
1
PW_BS000028
337
1
16
12
1
PW_BS000028
341
4
1
12
1
PW_BS000028
343
18
12
1
PW_BS000028
347
1
3
12
5
PW_BS000028
352
25
12
PW_BS000028
356
25
12
1
PW_BS000028
360
4
10
12
1
PW_BS000028
370
2
60
1
PW_BS000028
228
36
1
PW_BS000024
232
40
3
PW_BS000024
408
4
5
1
PW_BS000115
412
1
2
5
PW_BS000115
409
11
5
PW_BS000115
415
18
5
1
PW_BS000115
414
1
5
5
1
PW_BS000115
425
1
3
5
5
PW_BS000115
419
25
5
1
PW_BS000115
434
4
10
5
1
PW_BS000115
436
25
5
PW_BS000115
374
4
17
1
PW_BS000053
443
6
17
1
PW_BS000115
446
1
2
17
PW_BS000115
137
11
17
PW_BS000137
448
1
16
17
1
PW_BS000115
451
18
17
1
PW_BS000115
450
1
5
17
1
PW_BS000115
460
1
3
17
5
PW_BS000115
455
25
17
1
PW_BS000115
469
4
10
17
1
PW_BS000115
471
25
17
PW_BS000115
482
4
10
1
PW_BS000115
483
11
10
PW_BS000115
487
18
10
1
PW_BS000115
490
25
10
1
PW_BS000115
495
7
10
1
PW_BS000115
480
12
10
1
PW_BS000115
502
4
6
1
PW_BS000115
208
11
6
PW_BS000024
504
18
6
1
PW_BS000115
507
25
6
1
PW_BS000115
515
4
10
6
1
PW_BS000115
42
24
1
1
PW_BS000042
187
31
18
PW_BS000024
219
31
4
PW_BS000024
220
1
4
PW_BS000024
195
13
18
PW_BS000024
312
5
23
1
PW_BS000024
320
11
23
PW_BS000024
327
1
1
12
5
PW_BS000028
345
24
12
1
PW_BS000028
310
31
2
PW_BS000024
424
1
1
5
5
PW_BS000115
418
24
5
1
PW_BS000115
459
1
1
17
5
PW_BS000115
454
24
17
1
PW_BS000115
489
24
10
1
PW_BS000115
506
24
6
1
PW_BS000115
32
1
15
1
5
PW_BS000032
59
27
1
1
PW_BS000059
89
2
PW_BS000089
104
14
3
1
PW_BS000104
199
14
18
1
PW_BS000024
288
14
4
1
PW_BS000024
306
35
51
1
PW_BS000024
128
15
12
1
PW_BS000128
335
27
12
1
PW_BS000028
372
10
2
PW_BS000028
410
15
5
1
PW_BS000115
422
27
5
1
PW_BS000115
444
15
17
1
PW_BS000115
375
27
17
1
PW_BS000053
485
15
10
1
PW_BS000115
491
27
10
1
PW_BS000115
508
27
6
1
PW_BS000115
1146
Ribose 1-phosphate
HMDB0001489
Ribose 1-phosphate is an intermediate in the metabolism of Pyrimidine and the metabolism of Nicotinate and nicotinamide. It is a substrate for Uridine phosphorylase 2, Phosphoglucomutase, Purine nucleoside phosphorylase and Uridine phosphorylase 1. Ribose 1-phosphate can be formed from guanosine through the action of purine nucleoside phosphorylase. Ribose 1-phosphate can also act as a ribose donor in the synthesis of xanthosine as catalyzed by the same enzyme (purine nucleoside phosphorylase). The presence of guanase, which irreversibly converts guanine to xanthine, affects the overall process of guanosine transformation. As a result of this purine pathway, guanosine is converted into xanthosine, thus overcoming the lack of guanosine deaminase in mammals. The activated ribose moiety in Ribose 1-phosphate which stems from the catabolism of purine nucleosides can be transferred to uracil and, in the presence of ATP, used for the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides; therefore, purine nucleosides can act as ribose donors for the salvage of pyrimidine bases. (PMID: 9133638).
14075-00-4
C00620
439236
16300
RIBOSE-1P
388373
DB03101
OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O
C5H11O8P
InChI=1S/C5H11O8P/c6-1-2-3(7)4(8)5(12-2)13-14(9,10)11/h2-8H,1H2,(H2,9,10,11)/t2-,3-,4-,5-/m1/s1
YXJDFQJKERBOBM-TXICZTDVSA-N
{[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy}phosphonic acid
230.1098
230.01915384
-0.82
5
ribose 1-phosphate
0
-2
FDB022650
1-o-phosphono-d-ribofuranose;D-ribofuranose 1-(dihydrogen phosphate);D-ribofuranose 1-phosphate;D-ribose-1-phosphate;D-ribose-1p;Ribofuranose 1-phosphate;Ribose 1-phosphate;A-d-ribofuranose 1-(dihydrogen phosphate);A-d-ribose 1-phosphate;Alpha-d-ribofuranose 1-(dihydrogen phosphate);Alpha-d-ribofuranose 1-phosphate;Alpha-d-ribose 1-phosphate;D-ribose 1-phosphate;D-ribose 1-phosphoric acid;Ribose 1-phosphoric acid
PW_C001146
Rib-1P
1770
2
1818
8
11783
198
77175
132
78676
111
121864
122
121968
124
124417
135
124521
118
126344
299
127725
388
1104
Phosphate
HMDB0001429
Phosphate is a salt of phosphoric acid. In organic chemistry, a phosphate, or organophosphate, is an ester of phosphoric acid. Organic phosphates are important in biochemistry, biogeochemistry and ecology. Phosphate (Pi) is an essential component of life. In biological systems, phosphorus is found as a free phosphate ion in solution and is called inorganic phosphate, to distinguish it from phosphates bound in various phosphate esters. Inorganic phosphate is generally denoted Pi and at physiological (neutral) pH primarily consists of a mixture of HPO<sup>2-</sup><sub>4</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>PO<sup>-</sup><sub>4</sub> ions. phosphates are most commonly found in the form of adenosine phosphates, (AMP, ADP and ATP) and in DNA and RNA and can be released by the hydrolysis of ATP or ADP. Similar reactions exist for the other nucleoside diphosphates and triphosphates. Phosphoanhydride bonds in ADP and ATP, or other nucleoside diphosphates and triphosphates, contain high amounts of energy which give them their vital role in all living organisms. Phosphate must be actively transported into cells against its electrochemical gradient. In vertebrates, two unrelated families of Na+-dependent Pi transporters carry out this task. Remarkably, the two families transport different Pi species: whereas type II Na+/Pi cotransporters (SCL34) prefer divalent HPO4(2), type III Na+/Pi cotransporters (SLC20) transport monovalent H2PO4. The SCL34 family comprises both electrogenic and electroneutral members that are expressed in various epithelia and other polarized cells. Through regulated activity in apical membranes of the gut and kidney, they maintain body Pi homeostasis, and in salivary and mammary glands, liver, and testes they play a role in modulating the Pi content of luminal fluids. Phosphate levels in the blood play an important role in hormone signaling and in bone homeostasis. In classical endocrine regulation, low serum phosphate induces the renal production of the seco-steroid hormone 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3).This active metabolite of vitamin D acts to restore circulating mineral (i.e. phosphate and calcium) levels by increasing absorption in the intestine, reabsorption in the kidney, and mobilization of calcium and phosphate from bone. Thus, chronic renal failure is associated with hyperparathyroidism, which in turn contributes to osteomalacia (softening of the bones). Another complication of chronic renal failure is hyperphosphatemia (low levels of phosphate in the blood). Hyperphosphatemia (excess levels of phosphate in the blood) is a prevalent condition in kidney dialysis patients and is associated with increased risk of mortality. Hypophosphatemia (hungry bone syndrome) has been associated to postoperative electrolyte aberrations and after parathyroidectomy. (PMID: 17581921, 11169009, 11039261, 9159312, 17625581)Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) has recently been recognized as a key mediator of phosphate homeostasis, its most notable effect being promotion of phosphate excretion. FGF-23 was discovered to be involved in diseases such as autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets, X-linked hypophosphatemia, and tumor-induced osteomalacia in which phosphate wasting was coupled to inappropriately low levels of 1,25(OH)2D3. FGF-23 is regulated by dietary phosphate in humans. In particular it was found that phosphate restriction decreased FGF-23, and phosphate loading increased FGF-23.
14265-44-2
C00009
1061
18367
CPD-8587
1032
[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O
O4P
InChI=1S/H3O4P/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H3,1,2,3,4)/p-3
NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K
phosphoric acid
94.9714
94.95342
3
phosphoric acid
0
-2
DBMET00532
FDB022617
Nfb orthophosphate;O-phosphoric acid;Ortho-phosphate;Orthophosphate (po43-);Orthophosphate(3-);Phosphate;Phosphate (po43-);Phosphate anion(3-);Phosphate ion (po43-);Phosphate ion(3-);Phosphate trianion;Phosphate(3-);Phosphoric acid ion(3-);Pi;[po4](3-);Orthophosphate;Phosphate ion;Po4(3-);Phosphoric acid;Orthophosphoric acid;Phosphoric acid ion
PW_C001104
Pi
24
4
84
8
814
5
818
18
831
2
980
3
1763
14
1767
49
2500
10
2729
47
2737
46
3129
29
3166
72
3636
61
3851
23
4249
22
4475
31
5031
27
5158
7
5207
97
5216
100
5317
111
5351
112
5381
103
5447
120
5543
129
5573
133
5605
135
5625
108
5693
6
5848
143
5855
146
5911
147
5941
151
6040
155
6100
161
6294
107
6487
178
6691
101
6714
117
6842
188
6889
160
7161
205
7189
206
7212
211
7306
198
7389
210
7402
212
7436
163
7475
222
8196
225
8258
227
10118
241
10134
257
11748
132
11761
115
11773
213
11904
170
11927
164
12014
281
12728
290
13263
223
34819
17
42255
304
42350
315
42435
318
43692
322
77018
253
77194
293
77217
134
77940
336
77966
130
78048
332
78057
329
78245
353
78669
331
80022
368
89279
308
93831
383
94796
384
110558
390
110640
391
113235
94
115845
398
116206
109
119982
406
120069
122
120699
407
121057
124
121216
125
121268
429
121352
121
121409
123
121423
382
121852
405
123304
119
123621
118
123786
136
123838
464
123968
447
123981
399
124405
376
124948
472
125362
479
125446
297
125774
481
125954
299
126221
478
126594
300
126604
298
126723
484
126904
501
127413
388
127783
209
128166
395
128177
513
128315
389
34
Adenosine
HMDB0000050
Adenosine is a nucleoside that is composed of adenine and D-ribose. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles in addition to being components of DNA and RNA. For instance, adenosine plays an important role in energy transfer as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). It also plays a role in signal transduction as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Adenosine itself is both a neurotransmitter and potent vasodilator. When administered intravenously adenosine causes transient heart block in the AV node. Due to the effects of adenosine on AV node-dependent supraventricular tachycardia, adenosine is considered a class V antiarrhythmic agent. Overdoses of adenosine intake (as a drug) can lead to several side effects including chest pain, feeling faint, shortness of breath, and tingling of the senses. Serious side effects include a worsening dysrhythmia and low blood pressure. When present in sufficiently high levels, adenosine can act as an immunotoxin and a metabotoxin. An immunotoxin disrupts, limits the function, or destroys immune cells. A metabotoxin is an endogenous metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Chronically high levels of adenosine are associated with adenosine deaminase deficiency. Adenosine is a precursor to deoxyadenosine, which is a precursor to dATP. A buildup of dATP in cells inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and prevents DNA synthesis, so cells are unable to divide. Since developing T cells and B cells are some of the most mitotically active cells, they are unable to divide and propagate to respond to immune challenges. High levels of deoxyadenosine also lead to an increase in S-adenosylhomocysteine, which is toxic to immature lymphocytes.
58-61-7
C00212
60961
16335
ADENOSINE
54923
DB00640
NC1=C2N=CN([C@@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O)C2=NC=N1
C10H13N5O4
InChI=1S/C10H13N5O4/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(18)6(17)4(1-16)19-10/h2-4,6-7,10,16-18H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1
OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N
(2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol
267.2413
267.096753929
-1.28
4
adenosine
0
0
FDB003554
1-(6-amino-9h-purin-9-yl)-1-deoxy-beta-d-ribofuranose;1-(6-amino-9h-purin-9-yl)-1-deoxy-beta-delta-ribofuranose;6-amino-9beta-d-ribofuranosyl-9h-purine;6-amino-9beta-delta-ribofuranosyl-9h-purine;9-beta-d-arabinofuranosyladenine;9-beta-d-ribofuranosidoadenine;9-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-9h-purin-6-amine;9-beta-d-ribofuranosyladenine;9-beta-delta-arabinofuranosyladenine;9-beta-delta-ribofuranosidoadenine;9-beta-delta-ribofuranosyl-9h-purin-6-amine;9-beta-delta-ribofuranosyladenine;9beta-d-ribofuranosyladenine;9beta-d-ribofuranosyl-9h-purin-6-amine;9beta-delta-ribofuranosyladenine;9beta-delta-ribofuranosyl-9h-purin-6-amine;Adenine nucleoside;Adenine riboside;Adenine-9beta-d-ribofuranoside;Adenine-9beta-delta-ribofuranoside;Adenocard;Adenocor;Adenoscan;Adenosin;Boniton;Myocol;Nucleocardyl;Sandesin;B-d-adenosine;Beta-adenosine;Beta-d-adenosine;Beta-delta-adenosine;(2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol;6-amino-9-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-9h-purine;Ade-rib;Adenine deoxyribonucleoside;Adenyldeoxyriboside;Ado;Deoxyadenosine;Desoxyadenosine;6-amino-9-b-d-ribofuranosyl-9h-purine;6-amino-9-β-d-ribofuranosyl-9h-purine;9-b-d-ribofuranosidoadenine;9-β-d-ribofuranosidoadenine;9-b-d-ribofuranosyl-9h-purin-6-amine;9-β-d-ribofuranosyl-9h-purin-6-amine;β-d-adenosine
PW_C000034
Adenosi
352
8
1896
2
4013
15
5609
118
6769
107
6770
108
11825
198
12526
249
43737
315
43738
318
77612
132
78702
111
119928
122
120487
124
122722
135
125318
297
126459
299
126864
205
128029
388
1420
Water
HMDB0002111
Water is a chemical substance that is essential to all known forms of life. It appears colorless to the naked eye in small quantities, though it is actually slightly blue in color. It covers 71% of Earth's surface. Current estimates suggest that there are 1.4 billion cubic kilometers (330 million m3) of it available on Earth, and it exists in many forms. It appears mostly in the oceans (saltwater) and polar ice caps, but it is also present as clouds, rain water, rivers, freshwater aquifers, lakes, and sea ice. Water in these bodies perpetually moves through a cycle of evaporation, precipitation, and runoff to the sea. Clean water is essential to human life. In many parts of the world, it is in short supply. From a biological standpoint, water has many distinct properties that are critical for the proliferation of life that set it apart from other substances. It carries out this role by allowing organic compounds to react in ways that ultimately allow replication. All known forms of life depend on water. Water is vital both as a solvent in which many of the body's solutes dissolve and as an essential part of many metabolic processes within the body. Metabolism is the sum total of anabolism and catabolism. In anabolism, water is removed from molecules (through energy requiring enzymatic chemical reactions) in order to grow larger molecules (e.g. starches, triglycerides and proteins for storage of fuels and information). In catabolism, water is used to break bonds in order to generate smaller molecules (e.g. glucose, fatty acids and amino acids to be used for fuels for energy use or other purposes). Water is thus essential and central to these metabolic processes. Water is also central to photosynthesis and respiration. Photosynthetic cells use the sun's energy to split off water's hydrogen from oxygen. Hydrogen is combined with CO2 (absorbed from air or water) to form glucose and release oxygen. All living cells use such fuels and oxidize the hydrogen and carbon to capture the sun's energy and reform water and CO2 in the process (cellular respiration). Water is also central to acid-base neutrality and enzyme function. An acid, a hydrogen ion (H+, that is, a proton) donor, can be neutralized by a base, a proton acceptor such as hydroxide ion (OH-) to form water. Water is considered to be neutral, with a pH (the negative log of the hydrogen ion concentration) of 7. Acids have pH values less than 7 while bases have values greater than 7. Stomach acid (HCl) is useful to digestion. However, its corrosive effect on the esophagus during reflux can temporarily be neutralized by ingestion of a base such as aluminum hydroxide to produce the neutral molecules water and the salt aluminum chloride. Human biochemistry that involves enzymes usually performs optimally around a biologically neutral pH of 7.4. (Wikipedia).
7732-18-5
C00001
962
15377
937
O
H2O
InChI=1S/H2O/h1H2
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
water
18.0153
18.010564686
1
water
0
0
FDB013390
Dihydrogen oxide;Steam;[oh2];Acqua;Agua;Aqua;Bound water;Dihydridooxygen;Eau;H2o;Hoh;Hydrogen hydroxide;Wasser
PW_C001420
H2O
55
8
94
9
109
5
139
4
151
3
162
14
481
13
526
15
624
28
652
10
691
20
770
33
823
18
838
2
1094
31
1377
49
1465
54
1590
43
2018
24
2532
22
2678
60
2727
46
2778
17
2805
29
3143
70
3164
72
3634
61
4598
36
4727
37
4941
93
5030
27
5156
7
5195
97
5214
100
5227
94
5236
103
5297
105
5319
111
5343
113
5355
112
5402
110
5470
123
5483
125
5492
126
5507
127
5534
130
5537
114
5541
129
5591
135
5608
118
5622
108
5691
6
5759
140
5778
101
5841
143
5853
146
5877
107
5890
95
5910
147
5940
151
6032
155
6059
157
6087
161
6123
163
6133
159
6215
1
6218
166
6477
178
6507
180
6600
152
6713
117
6840
188
6888
160
7162
205
7181
207
7193
206
7211
211
7228
213
7238
214
7243
215
7295
198
7350
216
7388
210
7401
212
7467
222
7492
224
7500
190
7588
170
8201
225
8237
226
8414
162
9265
26
11850
277
11922
164
12011
281
12213
285
12250
286
12264
287
12327
249
12520
227
12632
65
12693
290
12705
291
12715
292
13007
298
13019
300
13025
301
13037
302
13261
223
13327
294
15340
308
42327
315
42695
318
43691
322
76914
293
77019
253
77102
132
77131
133
77215
134
77378
331
77397
332
77471
333
77516
115
77536
334
77628
336
77722
337
77759
341
77816
343
77982
347
78071
329
78235
352
78242
353
78270
356
79113
360
80014
368
80039
370
80591
228
80656
119
93830
383
94794
384
110557
390
110639
391
115844
398
119879
232
119915
122
119963
406
120008
407
120046
408
120113
124
120365
412
120430
405
120438
409
120606
415
120794
414
121158
425
121240
429
121351
121
121381
419
121607
434
122118
382
122384
436
122753
120
122797
374
122804
443
123012
446
123064
376
123072
137
123131
447
123142
136
123162
448
123231
451
123384
450
123730
460
123810
464
123940
455
124165
469
124670
399
124938
471
124945
472
125305
297
125353
479
125386
481
125424
482
125480
299
125682
483
125707
478
125745
487
126054
490
126238
495
126273
484
126764
480
126896
501
126963
502
127017
388
127177
208
127199
209
127227
504
127506
507
127576
515
127836
389
128082
395
128176
513
40034
Hydrogen Ion
HMDB0059597
Hydrogen ion is recommended by IUPAC as a general term for all ions of hydrogen and its isotopes. Depending on the charge of the ion, two different classes can be distinguished: positively charged ions and negatively charged ions. Under aqueous conditions found in biochemistry, hydrogen ions exist as the hydrated form hydronium, H3O+, but these are often still referred to as hydrogen ions or even protons by biochemists. [WikiPedia])
C00080
1038
15378
1010
[H+]
H
InChI=1S/p+1
GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
hydron
1.0079
1.007825032
0
hydron
1
0
H+;H(+);Hydrogen cation;Hydron;Proton
PW_C040034
H+
215
4
670
8
753
15
788
31
848
3
1116
2
1463
26
1464
54
2231
49
2780
17
4250
22
4254
42
4547
10
4576
18
4694
70
5241
103
5327
111
5353
112
5626
108
5639
107
5699
100
5720
105
5742
117
5963
147
6037
155
6070
157
6093
161
6130
159
6232
166
6483
178
6601
152
6692
101
6843
188
6910
187
7100
163
7168
205
7191
206
7453
219
7454
220
7472
222
7525
213
7532
210
7558
212
7572
160
7590
170
8195
225
8218
151
8243
226
8413
162
8420
224
9139
195
9155
249
11915
164
12015
281
12181
285
12246
286
12266
287
12521
227
13257
223
13325
294
15330
308
42329
315
42354
318
42401
322
42405
312
42454
320
76912
293
77136
133
77210
134
77372
331
77804
114
77955
132
77990
327
77991
347
78379
345
79929
130
80019
368
80387
310
80388
304
80722
119
93823
124
94823
383
110550
388
112855
94
113280
390
115537
398
115539
118
115856
336
116205
109
119973
406
120193
407
120549
122
120593
409
121170
424
121171
425
122569
418
122615
384
122687
125
122758
120
123183
135
123218
137
123742
459
123743
460
125141
454
125188
121
125273
136
125359
479
125550
481
125730
483
125736
297
125809
299
126517
495
126717
489
126766
480
126823
300
126902
501
127213
208
128308
506
128361
391
128430
395
22608
Ammonium
HMDB0041827
Ammonium is an important source of nitrogen for many plant species, especially those growing on hypoxic soils. However, it is also toxic to most crop species and is rarely applied as a sole nitrogen source. The ammonium (more obscurely: aminium) cation is a positively charged polyatomic cation with the chemical formula NH4+. It is formed by the protonation of ammonia (NH3). Ammonium is also a general name for positively charged or protonated substituted amines and quaternary ammonium cations (NR4+), where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic radical groups (indicated by R).
14798-03-9
C01342
16741146
28938
218
[NH4+]
H4N
InChI=1S/H3N/h1H3/p+1
QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O
azanium
18.0385
18.034374133
1
azanium
1
1
Ammonium ion;Ammonia ion;Ammonium;Ammonium chloride;Ammonium(1+);Azanium;Nh4+;[nh4]+;[nh4](+);Nh4(+)
PW_C022608
Ammon
5751
108
5892
95
5969
100
6226
166
8273
151
8367
225
11909
170
12470
249
42627
315
116281
109
127
Inosine
HMDB0000195
Inosine is a purine nucleoside that has hypoxanthine linked by the N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of ribose. It is an intermediate in the degradation of purines and purine nucleosides to uric acid and in pathways of purine salvage. It also occurs in the anticodon of certain transfer RNA molecules. (Dorland, 28th ed).
58-63-9
C00294
6021
17596
INOSINE
5799
DB04335
OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)N1C=NC2=C1NC=NC2=O
C10H12N4O5
InChI=1S/C10H12N4O5/c15-1-4-6(16)7(17)10(19-4)14-3-13-5-8(14)11-2-12-9(5)18/h2-4,6-7,10,15-17H,1H2,(H,11,12,18)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1
UGQMRVRMYYASKQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N
9-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-6,9-dihydro-3H-purin-6-one
268.2261
268.080769514
-1.27
4
inosine
0
0
DBMET00496
FDB011802
(-)-inosine;1,9-dihydro-9-b-d-ribofuranosyl-6h-purin-6-one;1,9-dihydro-9-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-6h-purin-6-one;1,9-dihydro-9-beta-delta-ribofuranosyl-6h-purin-6-one;9-b-d-ribofuranosyl-hypoxanthine;9-b-d-ribofuranosylhypoxanthine;9-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-hypoxanthine;9-beta-d-ribofuranosylhypoxanthine;9-beta-delta-ribofuranosyl-hypoxanthine;9-beta-delta-ribofuranosylhypoxanthine;9beta-d-ribofuranosylhypoxanthine;9beta-delta-ribofuranosylhypoxanthine;Atorel;Hxr;Hypoxanthine 9-beta-d-ribofuranoside;Hypoxanthine 9-beta-delta-ribofuranoside;Hypoxanthine d-riboside;Hypoxanthine nucleoside;Hypoxanthine ribonucleoside;Hypoxanthine riboside;Hypoxanthine-9 beta-d-ribofuranoside;Hypoxanthine-9 beta-delta-ribofuranoside;Hypoxanthine-9-d-ribofuranoside;Hypoxanthine-9-beta-d-ribofuranoside;Hypoxanthine-9-beta-delta-ribofuranoside;Hypoxanthine-9-delta-ribofuranoside;Hypoxanthine-ribose;Hypoxanthosine;Indole-3-carboxaldehyde;Ino;Inosie;Iso-prinosine;Oxiamin;Panholic-l;Pantholic-l;Ribonosine;Selfer;Trophicardyl;Beta-d-ribofuranoside hypoxanthine-9;Beta-inosine;Beta-delta-ribofuranoside hypoxanthine-9;9-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-9h-purin-6-ol;I;Inosin;Inosina;Inosinum;9-b-d-ribofuranosyl-9h-purin-6-ol;9-β-d-ribofuranosyl-9h-purin-6-ol;9-β-d-ribofuranosylhypoxanthine
PW_C000127
Inosine
1862
8
11814
198
12439
151
78696
111
121889
122
124442
135
102
Hypoxanthine
HMDB0000157
Hypoxanthine is a naturally occurring purine derivative and a reaction intermediate in the metabolism of adenosine and in the formation of nucleic acids by the salvage pathway. Hypoxanthine is also a spontaneous deamination product of adenine. Lesch-Nyhan disease is caused by deficiency of the purine salvage enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase. (OMIN 308000).
68-94-0
C00262
790
17368
HYPOXANTHINE
768
DB04076
OC1=NC=NC2=C1NC=N2
C5H4N4O
InChI=1S/C5H4N4O/c10-5-3-4(7-1-6-3)8-2-9-5/h1-2H,(H2,6,7,8,9,10)
FDGQSTZJBFJUBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
7H-purin-6-ol
136.1115
136.03851077
-1.02
2
6-hydroxypurine
0
0
DBMET00493
FDB003949
1,7-dihydro-6h-purin-6-one;1,7-dihydro-6h-purine-6-one;1h,7h-hypoxanthine;3h-purin-6-ol;4-hydroxy-1h-purine;6(1h)-purinone;6-hydroxy-1h-purine;6-hydroxypurine;6-oxopurine;7h-purin-6-ol;9h-purin-6(1h)-one;9h-purin-6-ol;Hypoxanthine enol;Purin-6(1h)-one;Purin-6(3h)-one;Purin-6-ol;Purine-6-ol;Sarcine;Sarkin;Sarkine;Hyp
PW_C000102
Hyp
1863
8
11815
198
12440
151
78697
111
121890
122
124443
135
190
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate
HMDB0000280
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) is a pentosephosphate. The key substance in the biosynthesis of histidine, tryptophan, and purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. It is formed from ribose 5-phosphate by the enzyme ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase. It plays a role in transferring phosphate groups in several reactions. (Wikipedia).
7540-64-9
C00119
7339
17111
PRPP
7062
DB01632
O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O[P@](O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)O[C@@H]1COP(O)(O)=O
C5H13O14P3
InChI=1S/C5H13O14P3/c6-3-2(1-16-20(8,9)10)17-5(4(3)7)18-22(14,15)19-21(11,12)13/h2-7H,1H2,(H,14,15)(H2,8,9,10)(H2,11,12,13)/t2-,3-,4-,5-/m1/s1
PQGCEDQWHSBAJP-TXICZTDVSA-N
[({[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(phosphonooxy)methyl]oxolan-2-yl]oxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy]phosphonic acid
390.0696
389.95181466
-1.53
7
phosphoribosylpyrophosphate
0
-4
FDB021928
5-phospho-a-d-ribose-1-diphosphate;5-phospho-a-d-ribosyl pyrophosphate;5-phospho-alpha-d-ribose 1-diphosphate;5-phospho-alpha-d-ribose-1-diphosphate;5-phospho-alpha-d-ribosyl pyrophosphate;5-phospho-alpha-d-riobse 1-diphosphate;5-phospho-alpha-delta-ribose 1-diphosphate;5-phospho-alpha-delta-ribose-1-diphosphate;5-phospho-alpha-delta-ribosyl pyrophosphate;5-phosphoribose 1-pyrophosphate;5-phosphoribosyl 1-diphosphate;5-phosphoribosyl a-1-pyrophosphate;5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate;5-phosphorylribose 1-a-diphosphate;5-phosphorylribose 1-alpha-diphosphate;5-phosphorylribose 1-pyrophosphate;5-phosphorylribosyl 1-pyrophosphate;Pp-ribose-p;Prpp;Prib-pp;Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate;Phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate;Phosphoribosyl-pyrophosphate;Phosphoribosylpyrophosphorate;Phosphoribosylpyrophosphoric acid;A-d-5-(dihydrogen phosphate) 1-(trihydrogen pyrophosphate) ribofuranose;A-d-5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate;A-d-ribofuranose 5-phosphate 1-pyrophosphate;A-d-ribofuranose, 5-(dihydrogen phosphate) 1-(trihydrogen diphosphate);Alpha-d-5-(dihydrogen phosphate) 1-(trihydrogen pyrophosphate) ribofuranose;Alpha-d-5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate;Alpha-d-ribofuranose 5-phosphate 1-pyrophosphate;Alpha-d-ribofuranose, 5-(dihydrogen phosphate) 1-(trihydrogen diphosphate);Alpha-delta-5-(dihydrogen phosphate) 1-(trihydrogen pyrophosphate) ribofuranose;Alpha-delta-5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate;Alpha-delta-ribofuranose 5-phosphate 1-pyrophosphate;5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate;5-phosphoribosyl diphosphate;Alpha-d-ribofuranose 5-(dihydrogen phosphate) 1-(trihydrogen diphosphate);Alpha-phosphoribosylpyrophosphoric acid;Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate;5-phospho-a-d-ribose 1-diphosphate;5-phospho-a-d-ribose 1-diphosphoric acid;5-phospho-alpha-d-ribose 1-diphosphoric acid;5-phospho-α-d-ribose 1-diphosphate;5-phospho-α-d-ribose 1-diphosphoric acid;Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphoric acid;5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphoric acid;5-phosphoribosyl diphosphoric acid;A-d-ribofuranose 5-(dihydrogen phosphate) 1-(trihydrogen diphosphate);A-d-ribofuranose 5-(dihydrogen phosphoric acid) 1-(trihydrogen diphosphoric acid);Alpha-d-ribofuranose 5-(dihydrogen phosphoric acid) 1-(trihydrogen diphosphoric acid);α-d-ribofuranose 5-(dihydrogen phosphate) 1-(trihydrogen diphosphate);α-d-ribofuranose 5-(dihydrogen phosphoric acid) 1-(trihydrogen diphosphoric acid);A-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate;A-phosphoribosylpyrophosphoric acid;Alpha-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate;α-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate;α-phosphoribosylpyrophosphoric acid
PW_C000190
PRPP
1774
2
1815
8
5816
108
11780
198
42663
315
77176
132
78002
111
80680
135
111657
7
120160
122
121950
124
124503
118
125521
297
126346
299
127056
205
127709
388
114
Inosinic acid
HMDB0000175
Inosinic acid is a purine nucleotide which has hypoxanthine as the base and one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety. Inosinic acid is a nucleotide present in muscle and other tissues. It is formed by the deamination of AMP and when hydrolysed produces inosine. Inosinic acid is the ribonucleotide of hypoxanthine and is the first compound formed during the synthesis of purine. (Wikipedia).
131-99-7
C00130
8582
17202
IMP
8264
O[C@@H]1[C@@H](COP(O)(O)=O)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O)N1C=NC2=C1N=CNC2=O
C10H13N4O8P
InChI=1S/C10H13N4O8P/c15-6-4(1-21-23(18,19)20)22-10(7(6)16)14-3-13-5-8(14)11-2-12-9(5)17/h2-4,6-7,10,15-16H,1H2,(H,11,12,17)(H2,18,19,20)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1
GRSZFWQUAKGDAV-KQYNXXCUSA-N
{[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(6-oxo-6,9-dihydro-1H-purin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}phosphonic acid
348.206
348.047099924
-2.06
5
inosine-5'-monophosphate
0
-2
FDB021901
5'-imp;5'-inosinate;5'-inosine monophosphate;5'-inosinic acid;Imp;Inosine 5'-monophosphate;Inosine 5'-phosphate;Inosine monophosphate;Inosine-5'-monophosphate;2'-inosine-5'-monophosphate;Hypoxanthosine 5'-monophosphate;Inosinic acid;Ribosylhypoxanthine monophosphate;2'-inosine-5'-monophosphoric acid;5'-inosine monophosphoric acid;Hypoxanthosine 5'-monophosphoric acid;Inosine 5'-monophosphoric acid;Inosine 5'-phosphoric acid;Inosine monophosphoric acid;Inosinate;Ribosylhypoxanthine monophosphoric acid
PW_C000114
Imp
82
8
11807
198
12438
151
12726
290
77545
111
120067
122
122819
135
125444
297
126983
205
170
Pyrophosphate
HMDB0000250
The anion, the salts, and the esters of pyrophosphoric acid are called pyrophosphates. The pyrophosphate anion is abbreviated PPi and is formed by the hydrolysis of ATP into AMP in cells. This hydrolysis is called pyrophosphorolysis. The pyrophosphate anion has the structure P2O74-, and is an acid anhydride of phosphate. It is unstable in aqueous solution and rapidly hydrolyzes into inorganic phosphate. Pyrophosphate is an osteotoxin (arrests bone development) and an arthritogen (promotes arthritis). It is also a metabotoxin (an endogenously produced metabolite that causes adverse health affects at chronically high levels). Chronically high levels of pyrophosphate are associated with hypophosphatasia. Hypophosphatasia (also called deficiency of alkaline phosphatase or phosphoethanolaminuria) is a rare, and sometimes fatal, metabolic bone disease. Hypophosphatasia is associated with a molecular defect in the gene encoding tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP). TNSALP is an enzyme that is tethered to the outer surface of osteoblasts and chondrocytes. TNSALP hydrolyzes several substances, including inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), a major form of vitamin B6. When TSNALP is low, inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) accumulates outside of cells and inhibits the formation of hydroxyapatite, one of the main components of bone, causing rickets in infants and children and osteomalacia (soft bones) in adults. Vitamin B6 must be dephosphorylated by TNSALP before it can cross the cell membrane. Vitamin B6 deficiency in the brain impairs synthesis of neurotransmitters which can cause seizures. In some cases, a build-up of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in the joints can cause pseudogout.
14000-31-8
C00013
644102
18361
PPI
559142
DB04160
[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O
O7P2
InChI=1S/H4O7P2/c1-8(2,3)7-9(4,5)6/h(H2,1,2,3)(H2,4,5,6)/p-4
XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J
(phosphonooxy)phosphonic acid
173.9433
173.911925378
4
pyrophosphoric acid
0
-3
FDB021918
(4-)diphosphoric acid ion;(p2o74-)diphosphate;Diphosphate;Diphosphoric acid;Ppi;Pyrometaphosphate;Pyrophosphate;Pyrophosphate tetraanion;Pyrophosphate(4-) ion;[o3popo3](4-);Diphosphat;P2o7(4-);Pyrophosphat;Pyrophosphate ion;Phosphonato phosphoric acid;Pyrophosphoric acid;Pyrophosphoric acid ion
PW_C000170
Ppi
12
2
35
4
63
8
429
23
735
32
882
22
1217
3
1620
49
2410
59
2815
29
4175
14
4868
54
5034
89
5252
104
5294
101
5409
117
5424
103
5433
118
5458
120
5548
111
5559
132
5584
133
5606
135
5655
108
5879
107
6239
166
6978
199
7073
188
7134
163
7272
160
7312
198
7318
213
8275
151
8283
210
11869
161
12002
222
12041
164
12315
225
12323
249
12512
288
12579
226
12695
290
15219
306
15375
18
34760
17
42561
315
42697
318
77235
329
77317
128
77635
336
78416
335
78928
331
79153
112
79950
134
79958
130
80047
372
80417
170
85630
1
94786
384
94814
125
94819
382
98678
223
110634
391
113270
395
113275
389
115527
136
115532
399
119934
122
120017
124
120032
406
120330
410
120936
407
121261
429
121341
121
121486
383
122407
422
122985
444
123502
119
123831
464
124044
398
124977
375
125324
297
125395
299
125410
479
125597
484
125656
485
125876
481
126552
491
126869
205
126935
388
126950
501
127337
206
128124
508
24
Adenine
HMDB0000034
Adenine is a purine base. Adenine is found in both DNA and RNA. Adenine is a fundamental component of adenine nucleotides. Adenine forms adenosine, a nucleoside, when attached to ribose, and deoxyadenosine when attached to deoxyribose; it forms adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a nucleotide, when three phosphate groups are added to adenosine. Adenosine triphosphate is used in cellular metabolism as one of the basic methods of transferring chemical energy between chemical reactions. Purine inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) are serious hereditary disorders, which should be suspected in any case of neonatal fitting, failure to thrive, recurrent infections, neurological deficit, renal disease, self-mutilation and other manifestations. Investigation usually starts with uric acid (UA) determination in urine and plasma. (OMIM 300322, 229600, 603027, 232400, 232600, 232800, 201450, 220150, 232200, 162000, 164050, 278300). (PMID: 17052198, 17520339).
73-24-5
C00147
190
16708
ADENINE
185
DB00173
NC1=C2NC=NC2=NC=N1
C5H5N5
InChI=1S/C5H5N5/c6-4-3-5(9-1-7-3)10-2-8-4/h1-2H,(H3,6,7,8,9,10)
GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
7H-purin-6-amine
135.1267
135.054495185
-1.07
2
vitamin B4
0
0
FDB012266
1,6-dihydro-6-iminopurine;1h-purin-6-amine;1h-purine-6-amine;3,6-dihydro-6-iminopurine;6-amino-1h-purine;6-amino-3h-purine;6-amino-7h-purine;6-amino-9h-purine;6-amino-purine;6-aminopurine;9h-purin-6-amine;9h-purin-6-yl-amin;9h-purin-6-ylamine;9h-purine-6-amine;Ade;Adenin;Adenine;Adeninimine;Vitamin b4;A
PW_C000024
Adenine
1892
8
6760
107
6761
108
11826
198
12524
227
12530
249
43735
318
43736
315
78703
111
121897
122
124450
135
6182
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deoD-type
P0ABP8
Involved in purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity. Cleavage of guanosine or inosine to respective bases and sugar-1-phosphate molecules.
deoD
b4384
AP009048
3
2.4.2.1
6409
Adenosine deaminase
P22333
Involved in deaminase activity. Adenosine + H(2)O = inosine + NH(3).
add
b1623
AP009048
3
3.5.4.4
6129
Xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase
P0A9M5
Involved in nucleoside metabolic process. Acts on guanine, xanthine and to a lesser extent hypoxanthine.
gpt
b0238
AP009048
3
2.4.2.22
8896
109
7110
Probable adenine permease PurP
P31466
Involved in transporter activity. High-affinity uptake of adenine.
purP
b3714
AP009048
3
8895
109
4056
purine nucleoside phosphorylase
3
PW_P004056
11063
6182
6
4058
adenosine deaminase
3
PW_P004058
11065
6409
4059
xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase
3
PW_P004059
11066
6129
4
4057
adenine:H+ symporter
3
PW_P004057
11064
7110
6049
false
PW_R006049
Right
24744
34
1
Compound
false
24745
1420
1
Compound
false
24746
40034
1
Compound
false
24747
22608
1
Compound
false
24748
127
1
Compound
false
6013
4058
3.5.4.4
6050
false
PW_R006050
Right
24749
127
1
Compound
false
24750
1104
1
Compound
false
24751
1146
1
Compound
false
24752
102
1
Compound
false
6014
4056
6052
false
PW_R006052
Right
24759
102
1
Compound
false
24760
190
1
Compound
false
24761
114
1
Compound
false
24762
170
1
Compound
false
6016
4059
2.4.2.22
6047
false
PW_R006047
Right
24736
24
1
Compound
false
24737
1146
1
Compound
false
24738
1104
1
Compound
false
24739
34
1
Compound
false
6011
4056
2.4.2.1
505
PW_T000505
639
24
1
Compound
107
108
Right
640
40034
1
Compound
107
108
Right
436
4057
2015-10-09T16:10:38-06:00
2015-10-09T16:10:38-06:00
109
71163
1146
3
false
725
769
10
regular
100
110
71164
1104
46
false
1178
554
10
regular
44
43
71165
34
3
false
1255
647
10
regular
100
100
71173
1420
49
false
1389
773
10
regular
78
78
71174
40034
55
false
1142
773
10
regular
78
78
71175
22608
3
false
1376
1052
10
regular
100
100
71176
127
3
false
1256
1147
10
regular
100
100
71177
1104
46
false
1402
1305
10
regular
44
43
71178
1146
3
false
1380
1552
10
regular
100
110
71179
102
3
false
1255
1652
10
regular
100
100
71180
190
3
false
1085
1522
10
regular
100
110
71181
114
3
false
605
1653
10
regular
100
100
71182
170
45
false
713
1558
10
regular
63
43
2678757
24
107
3
false
604
201
10
regular
100
100
2678758
24
108
3
false
604
651
10
regular
100
100
2678759
40034
107
55
false
714
292
10
regular
78
78
2678760
40034
108
55
false
714
582
10
regular
78
78
32630
6182
17
false
915
659
8
subunit
regular
180
85
32634
6409
2
false
1231
917
8
subunit
regular
150
70
32635
6182
17
false
1215
1409
8
subunit
regular
180
85
32636
6129
109
8
false
860
1662
8
subunit
regular
140
85
948128
7110
76
false
578
441
8
subunit
regular
150
70
27431
4056
1822
32311
32630
27434
4058
1822
32315
32634
27435
4056
1822
32316
32635
27436
4059
1822
32317
32636
802996
4057
1822
944007
948128
101078
M1305 747 C1305 777 1306 887 1306 917
5
false
18
101079
M1428 851 C1341 852 1306 868 1306 917
5
false
18
101080
M1181 851 C1265 857 1305 867 1306 917
5
false
18
101081
M1426 1052 C1314 1048 1306 1017 1306 987
5
false
18
true
M 25.946855044164835 13.26155629629604 L 11 12 L 17.380887721185843 25.575134323078345
false
101082
M1306 1147 C1306 1117 1306 1017 1306 987
5
false
18
true
M 25.946855044164835 13.26155629629604 L 11 12 L 17.380887721185843 25.575134323078345
false
101083
M1306 1247 C1306 1277 1305 1379 1305 1409
5
false
18
101084
M1424 1348 C1337 1349 1305 1379 1305 1409
5
false
18
101085
M1430 1552 C1353 1553 1305 1524 1305 1494
5
false
18
true
M 1409.0096189432334 1549.5 L 1422 1542 L 1409.0096189432334 1534.5
false
101086
M1305 1652 C1305 1622 1305 1524 1305 1494
5
false
18
true
M 233.6135217108315 398.261556296296 L 218.66666666666666 397 L 225.0475543878525 410.5751343230783
false
101087
M1255 1702 C1225 1702 1030 1702 1000 1702
5
false
18
101088
M1085 1577 C1085 1653 1047 1702 1000 1702
5
false
18
101089
M705 1702 C735 1702 830 1702 860 1702
5
false
18
true
M 233.6135217108315 931.5948896296294 L 218.66666666666666 930.3333333333334 L 225.0475543878525 943.9084676564117
false
101090
M776 1579.5 C777 1651.5 817 1703 860 1702
5
false
18
true
M 233.6135217108315 931.5948896296294 L 218.66666666666666 930.3333333333334 L 225.0475543878525 943.9084676564117
false
3658762
M654 301 C654 331 653 411 653 441
83
false
18
3658763
M654 651 C654 621 653 541 653 511
83
false
18
true
M 201.94685504416483 175.26155629629605 L 187 174 L 193.38088772118584 187.57513432307834
false
3658764
M753 370 C708 370 653 411 653 441
83
false
18
3658765
M753 582 C700 582 655 552 653 511
83
false
18
true
M 201.94685504416483 175.26155629629605 L 187 174 L 193.38088772118584 187.57513432307834
false
3658766
M704 701 C734 701 883 701 915 701
5
false
18
3658767
M825 824 C822 778 850 700 916 700
5
false
18
3658768
M1178 575.5 C1180 636.5 1150 701 1095 699
5
false
18
true
M 201.94685504416483 175.26155629629605 L 187 174 L 193.38088772118584 187.57513432307834
false
3658769
M1255 699 C1225 699 1125 699 1095 699
5
false
18
true
M 201.94685504416483 175.26155629629605 L 187 174 L 193.38088772118584 187.57513432307834
false
20664
1822
6049
80285
71165
101078
Left
80286
71173
101079
Left
80287
71174
101080
Left
80288
71175
101081
Right
80289
71176
101082
Right
20849
6013
27434
20665
1822
6050
80290
71176
101083
Left
80291
71177
101084
Left
80292
71178
101085
Right
80293
71179
101086
Right
20850
6014
27435
20666
1822
6052
80294
71179
101087
Left
80295
71180
101088
Left
80296
71181
101089
Right
80297
71182
101090
Right
20851
6016
27436
797348
1822
6047
3222711
2678758
3658766
Left
3222712
71163
3658767
Left
3222713
71164
3658768
Right
3222714
71165
3658769
Right
753005
6011
27431
78051
505
1822
156863
2678757
3658762
Left
156864
2678758
3658763
Right
156865
2678759
3658764
Left
156866
2678760
3658765
Right
24686
802996
436
186362
718
1060
0.6
0.6
0
2
92
479
481
3558
M477 574 C477 524 527 474 577 474 C879 474 1273 474 1575 474 C1625 474 1675 524 1675 574 C1675 954 1675 1447 1675 1827 C1675 1877 1625 1927 1575 1927 C1273 1927 879 1927 577 1927 C527 1927 477 1877 477 1827 C477 1447 477 954 477 574
1
true
6
1198.0
1453.0
3559
M126 225 C126 175 176 125 226 125 C741 125 1411 125 1926 125 C1976 125 2026 175 2026 225 C2026 816 2026 1584 2026 2175 C2026 2225 1976 2275 1926 2275 C1411 2275 741 2275 226 2275 C176 2275 126 2225 126 2175 C126 1584 126 816 126 225
1
true
6
1900.0
2150.0