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Pathway Description
Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis: glmU, PA5551, glmR, glmS
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Signaling
Created: 2025-03-27
Last Updated: 2025-07-01
The regulation of the glmURS operon. The operon is inhibited by glmR (GlmR transcriptional regulator) and activated by the presence of fructose-6-phosphate. When fructose-6-phosphate is present in the cell, glmR releases the operon, allowing for transcription. Fructose-6-phosphate is derived from fructose which is transported into the cell. There are four products of the operon: glmU (Bifunctional protein), PA5551 (Peptidase M23 domain-containing protein), glmR and glmS (Glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase [isomerizing]). The function of PA5551 is unknown because it is just a predicted protein. GlmU and glmS are enzymes are involved in the LPS formation (change fructose-6-phosphate to UDP-N-acetylglucosamine). GlmS is used to turn fructose 6-phosphate to glucosamine 6-phosphate. GlmU is used to turn glucosamine 1-phosphate to UDP-N-acetylglucosamine within two steps.
References
Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis: glmU, PA5551, glmR, glmS References
Foulquier E, Pompeo F, Byrne D, Fierobe HP, Galinier A: Uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine orchestrates the interaction of GlmR with either YvcJ or GlmS in Bacillus subtilis. Sci Rep. 2020 Sep 29;10(1):15938. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72854-2.
Pubmed: 32994436
Pensinger DA, Gutierrez KV, Smith HB, Vincent WJB, Stevenson DS, Black KA, Perez-Medina KM, Dillard JP, Rhee KY, Amador-Noguez D, Huynh TN, Sauer JD: Listeria monocytogenes GlmR Is an Accessory Uridyltransferase Essential for Cytosolic Survival and Virulence. mBio. 2023 Apr 25;14(2):e0007323. doi: 10.1128/mbio.00073-23. Epub 2023 Mar 20.
Pubmed: 36939339
Patel V, Wu Q, Chandrangsu P, Helmann JD: A metabolic checkpoint protein GlmR is important for diverting carbon into peptidoglycan biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis. PLoS Genet. 2018 Sep 24;14(9):e1007689. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007689. eCollection 2018 Sep.
Pubmed: 30248093
Ramos-Aires J, Plesiat P, Kocjancic-Curty L, Kohler T: Selection of an antibiotic-hypersusceptible mutant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: identification of the GlmR transcriptional regulator. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Mar;48(3):843-51. doi: 10.1128/AAC.48.3.843-851.2004.
Pubmed: 14982774
Stover CK, Pham XQ, Erwin AL, Mizoguchi SD, Warrener P, Hickey MJ, Brinkman FS, Hufnagle WO, Kowalik DJ, Lagrou M, Garber RL, Goltry L, Tolentino E, Westbrock-Wadman S, Yuan Y, Brody LL, Coulter SN, Folger KR, Kas A, Larbig K, Lim R, Smith K, Spencer D, Wong GK, Wu Z, Paulsen IT, Reizer J, Saier MH, Hancock RE, Lory S, Olson MV: Complete genome sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, an opportunistic pathogen. Nature. 2000 Aug 31;406(6799):959-64. doi: 10.1038/35023079.
Pubmed: 10984043
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