PathWhiz

PathWhiz ID	Pathway	Meta Data
PW176010 View Pathway	metabolic Clonidine Predicted Metabolism Pathway new Homo sapiens Metabolites of Clonidine are predicted with biotransformer. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Omolola Created On: November 29, 2023 at 13:12 Last Updated: November 29, 2023 at 13:12
PW122428 View Pathway	drug action Clopidogrel Action Homo sapiens Clopidogrel, marketed as Plavix, is an antiplatelet drug that targets the P2Y12 receptor of platelets. Clopidogrel is taken orally as a prodrug, and must be metabolically activated before it can be effective. It first enters the liver and enters the endoplasmic reticulum where it is metabolized to form the active metabolite. First, it is catalyzed by cytochromes P450 2C19, 2B6 and 1A2 into 2-oxoclopidogrel. Secondly, it is processed by cytochromes P450 2B6, 2C9, 2C19, 3A4, 3A5, and serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 into the active metabolite of clopidogrel. The active metabolite of clopidogrel then enters the blood stream, where it binds irreversibly to the P2Y purinoreceptor 12 on the surface of platelet cells, preventing ADP from binding to and activating it. Clopidogrel prevents the activation of the Gi protein associated with the P2Y12 receptor from inactivating adenylate cyclase in the platelet, leading to a buildup of cAMP. This cAMP then activates calcium efflux pumps, preventing calcium buildup in the platelet, which would cause activation, and later, aggregation. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Eponine Oler Created On: April 08, 2019 at 15:48 Last Updated: April 08, 2019 at 15:48
PW000286 View Pathway	drug action Clopidogrel Action Pathway Homo sapiens Clopidogrel, marketed as Plavix, is an antiplatelet drug that targets the P2Y12 receptor of platelets. Clopidogrel is taken orally as a prodrug, and must be metabolically activated before it can be effective. It first enters the liver and enters the endoplasmic reticulum where it is metabolized to form the active metabolite. First, it is catalyzed by cytochromes P450 2C19, 2B6 and 1A2 into 2-oxoclopidogrel. Secondly, it is processed by cytochromes P450 2B6, 2C9, 2C19, 3A4, 3A5, and serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 into the active metabolite of clopidogrel. The active metabolite of clopidogrel then enters the blood stream, where it binds irreversibly to the P2Y purinoreceptor 12 on the surface of platelet cells, preventing ADP from binding to and activating it. Clopidogrel prevents the activation of the Gi protein associated with the P2Y12 receptor from inactivating adenylate cyclase in the platelet, leading to a buildup of cAMP. This cAMP then activates calcium efflux pumps, preventing calcium buildup in the platelet, which would cause activation, and later, aggregation. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: WishartLab Created On: August 22, 2013 at 10:45 Last Updated: August 22, 2013 at 10:45
PW128059 View Pathway	drug action Clopidogrel Action Pathway (new) Homo sapiens Clopidogrel, marketed as Plavix, is an antiplatelet drug that targets the P2Y12 receptor of platelets. Clopidogrel is taken orally as a prodrug, and must be metabolically activated before it can be effective. It first enters the liver and enters the endoplasmic reticulum where it is metabolized to form the active metabolite. First, it is catalyzed by cytochromes P450 2C19, 2B6 and 1A2 into 2-oxoclopidogrel. Secondly, it is processed by cytochromes P450 2B6, 2C9, 2C19, 3A4, 3A5, and serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 into the active metabolite of clopidogrel. The active metabolite of clopidogrel then enters the blood stream, where it binds irreversibly to the P2Y purinoreceptor 12 on the surface of platelet cells, preventing ADP from binding to and activating it. Clopidogrel prevents the activation of the Gi protein associated with the P2Y12 receptor from inactivating adenylate cyclase in the platelet, leading to a buildup of cAMP. This cAMP then activates calcium efflux pumps, preventing calcium buildup in the platelet, which would cause activation, and later, aggregation. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Selena Created On: July 12, 2023 at 10:49 Last Updated: July 12, 2023 at 10:49
PW144869 View Pathway	drug action Clopidogrel Drug Metabolism Action Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 07, 2023 at 14:36 Last Updated: October 07, 2023 at 14:36
PW124569 View Pathway	metabolic Clopidogrel Metabolic Pathway Homo sapiens 85-90% of an oral dose undergoes first pass metabolism by carboxylesterase 1 in the liver to an inactive carboxylic acid metabolite. About 2% of clopidogrel is oxidized to 2-oxoclopidogrel. This conversion is 35.8% by CYP1A2, 19.4% by CYP2B6, and 44.9% by CYP2C194 though other studies suggest CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP2C9 also contribute. 2-oxoclopidogrel is further metabolized to the active metabolite. This conversion is 32.9% by CYP2B6, 6.79% by CYP2C9, 20.6% by CYP2C19, and 39.8% by CYP3A4. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Dorsa Yahya Rayat Created On: March 02, 2021 at 17:22 Last Updated: March 02, 2021 at 17:22
PW000586 View Pathway	drug metabolism Clopidogrel Metabolism Pathway Homo sapiens Clopidogrel, marketed as Plavix, is an antiplatelet drug that targets the P2Y12 receptor of platelets. Clopidogrel is taken orally as a prodrug, and must be metabolically activated before it can be effective. It first enters the liver and enters the endoplasmic reticulum where it is metabolized to form the active metabolite. First, it is catalyzed by cytochromes P450 2C19, 2B6 and 1A2 into 2-oxoclopidogrel. Secondly, it is processed by cytochromes P450 2B6, 2C9, 2C19, 3A4, 3A5, and serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 into the active metabolite of clopidogrel. The active metabolite of clopidogrel then enters the blood stream, where it binds irreversibly to the P2Y purinoreceptor 12 on the surface of platelet cells, preventing ADP from binding to and activating it. Clopidogrel prevents the activation of the Gi protein associated with the P2Y12 receptor from inactivating adenylate cyclase in the platelet, leading to a buildup of cAMP. This cAMP then activates calcium efflux pumps, preventing calcium buildup in the platelet, which would cause activation, and later, aggregation. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: WishartLab Created On: September 11, 2013 at 22:33 Last Updated: September 11, 2013 at 22:33
PW146999 View Pathway	metabolic Clorazepate Drug Metabolism Pathway Homo sapiens BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Ray Kruger Created On: October 10, 2023 at 13:37 Last Updated: October 10, 2023 at 13:37
PW127704 View Pathway	drug action Clorazepic Acid Action Pathway Homo sapiens Clorazepic acid or clorazepate is a benzodiazepine used to treat anxiety, partial seizures, and alcohol withdrawal. Clorazepate is indicated for the management of anxiety disorders or the short-term relief of the symptoms of anxiety. It is also used as adjunctive therapy in the management of partial seizures and for the symptomatic relief of acute alcohol withdrawal. Clorazepate is a benzodiazepine with depressant effects on the central nervous system.8 Benzodiazepines are able to enhance the binding of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to the GABA type A (GABA-A) receptor by binding to a region in the extracellular domain found at the interface between the alpha (α) and gamma (γ) subunits of the GABA-A receptor. The interaction of GABA and the GABA-A receptor promotes channel opening, leading to an increased chloride influx. Consequently, the use of benzodiazepines, such as clorazepate, leads to neuronal hyperpolarization. Clorazepate is a prodrug for nordiazepam which is converted in the liver. Some side effects of using clorazepic acid may include dizziness, nervousness, blurred vision, and headache. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Hayley Created On: May 24, 2023 at 12:20 Last Updated: May 24, 2023 at 12:20
PW176011 View Pathway	metabolic Clorazepic acid Predicted Metabolism Pathway new Homo sapiens Metabolites of Clorazepic acid are predicted with biotransformer. BioPAX SVG SBGN SBML PWML All files (.zip)	Creator: Omolola Created On: November 29, 2023 at 13:12 Last Updated: November 29, 2023 at 13:12