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Matched Description: Clenbuterol is a beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator. This drug is taken orally and … is used for the treatment of asthma, bronchitis, and COPD. It exerts its effect through activation … signalling. Once clenbuterol is administered and it binds to the beta-2 adrenergic receptor, the G protein … signalling cascade begins. The alpha and beta/gamma subunits of the G protein separate and GDP is … and inhibits MLCK through decreased calcium levels causing muscle relaxation. PKA can phosphorylate

Matched Description: Tipranavir is a sulfonamide-containing dyhydropyrone and a nonpeptidic protease inhibitor used to … in combination with at least two other anti-HIV drugs. The HIV virus binds and penetrates the host … nucleus and is integrated into the host DNA via integrase. The DNA is then transcribed, creating viral … the Gag-pol polyprotein, where Gag encodes for the capsid and matrix protein to form the outer … protein shell, and Pol encodes for the reverse transcriptase and integrase protein to synthesize and

Matched Description: combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children. The HIV … virus binds and penetrates the host cell. Viral RNA is transcribed into viral DNA via reverse … transcriptase. Viral DNA enters the host nucleus and is integrated into the host DNA via integrase. The DNA … protease is synthesized as part of the Gag-pol polyprotein, where Gag encodes for the capsid and … matrix protein to form the outer protein shell, and Pol encodes for the reverse transcriptase and

Matched Description: of vasospastic angina, chronic stable angina and hypertension. Nilvadipine is similar to other … dihydropyridines including amlodipine, felodipine, isradipine, and nicardipine. Nilvadipine is used to … treat Prinzmetal's angina, hypertension, and other vascular disorders such as Raynaud's phenomenon. By … blocking the calcium channels, Nifedipine inhibits the spasm of the coronary artery and dilates the … systemic arteries, results in an increase of myocardial oxygen supply and a decrease in systemic

Matched Description: through hepatic portal circulation, and enters the bloodstream and travels to act on cardiomyocytes. In … bronchial and vascular smooth muscle, acebutolol can compete with epinephrine for beta-2 adrenergic … synthesis, which in turn activates PKA production, which then activates SRC and nitric oxide synthase, its … inhibition causes the inhibition of cAMP, PKA, SRC and nitric oxide synthase signaling. Following … , the inhibition of SRC in essence causes the activation of Caspase 3 and Caspase 9. This Caspase

Matched Description: acetylcholine receptors M1 and M3. Muscarinic agonists such as cevimeline bind and activate the muscarinic … M1 and M3 receptors. The M1 receptors are common in secretory glands (exocrine glands such as … salivary and sweat glands), and their activation results in an increase in secretion from the secretory … glands. The M3 receptors are found on smooth muscles and in many glands which help to stimulate … secretion in salivary glands, and their activation generally results in smooth muscle contraction and

Matched Description: Dexbrompheniramine is an ethanolamine class H1 antihistamine used to treat insomnia and allergy … symptoms such as hay fever and hives. It is also used with pyridoxine in the treatment of nausea and … receptor and are administered to attenuate inflammatory process in order to treat conditions such as … allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and urticaria. H1-antihistamines act on H1 receptors in T … -cells to inhibit the immune response, in blood vessels to constrict dilated blood vessels, and in

Matched Description: system within the immune system. This pathway begins with the activation of antibodies IgM and IgG … . Protein C3 is created, and after a series of reactions, cleaves the C5 protein. This brings phagocytes … to the infected area and sets the stage for the coming together of the membrane attack complex (MAC … ). This complex targets the cell and creates an opening in the membrane, which leads to cell lysis and death.

Matched Description: inactivation of factor Xa and thrombin inhibiting thrombosis. It is administered subcutaneously and … travels to its target in the bloodstream. Some signs of overdose may include excessive bleeding and … bruising. Due to its anticoagulant nature herbs and supplements with similar activity should be avoided such as ginseng, ginkgo, ginger and garlic.

Matched Description: Docetaxel is a taxane/taxoid antineoplastic agent used to treat ovarian and breast cancer. In … subunit. Docetaxel binds to tubulin dimers and enhances the polymerization of microtubules which … discrete bundles of stable microtubules and inhibits the cellular replication of cancerous cells. It is … myelosuppression, neutropenia, peripheral neurotoxicity, and mucositis. Docetaxel is metabolized by … CYP3A4 so patients taking docetaxel should avoid grapefruits and other drugs that interfere with CYP3A4 metabolism.