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Pathway Description
Asparagine Metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2015-11-02
Last Updated: 2025-01-24
In both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, L-asparagine is biosynthesized from L-aspartate by amidation using L-glutamine as an amino group donor which both of reactions are driven by ATP. In the first reaction, asparagine synthetase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] 1 catalyzes L-aspartic acid to form L-Asparagine. In the second reactions, asparagine synthetase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] 1 and 2 both catalyze L-aspartic acid to form L-Asparagine. Asparagine gets metabolized back into L-aspartic acid by reacting with water through a L-asparaginase 1 resulting in the release of ammonium and L-aspartic acid. The only known role of L-asparagine is incorporation into proteins.
References
Asparagine Metabolism References
ter Schure EG, van Riel NA, Verrips CT: The role of ammonia metabolism in nitrogen catabolite repression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2000 Jan;24(1):67-83.
Pubmed: 10640599
Jones EW and Fink GR Regulation of amino acid and nucleotide biosynthesis in yeast. in The Molecular Biology of the Yeast Saccharomyces: Metabolism and Gene Expression, edited by Strathern JN, Jones EW and Broach JR. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1982) p.181-299
Dang VD, Valens M, Bolotin-Fukuhara M, Daignan-Fornier B: Cloning of the ASN1 and ASN2 genes encoding asparagine synthetases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: differential regulation by the CCAAT-box-binding factor. Mol Microbiol. 1996 Nov;22(4):681-92. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.d01-1715.x.
Pubmed: 8951815
Bussey H, Storms RK, Ahmed A, Albermann K, Allen E, Ansorge W, Araujo R, Aparicio A, Barrell B, Badcock K, Benes V, Botstein D, Bowman S, Bruckner M, Carpenter J, Cherry JM, Chung E, Churcher C, Coster F, Davis K, Davis RW, Dietrich FS, Delius H, DiPaolo T, Hani J, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XVI. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):103-5.
Pubmed: 9169875
Engel SR, Dietrich FS, Fisk DG, Binkley G, Balakrishnan R, Costanzo MC, Dwight SS, Hitz BC, Karra K, Nash RS, Weng S, Wong ED, Lloyd P, Skrzypek MS, Miyasato SR, Simison M, Cherry JM: The reference genome sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: then and now. G3 (Bethesda). 2014 Mar 20;4(3):389-98. doi: 10.1534/g3.113.008995.
Pubmed: 24374639
Morin PJ, Subramanian GS, Gilmore TD: AAT1, a gene encoding a mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Dec 29;1171(2):211-4. doi: 10.1016/0167-4781(92)90124-i.
Pubmed: 1482685
Cheret G, Pallier C, Valens M, Diagnan-Fornier B, Fukuhara H, Bolotin-Fukuhara M, Sor F: The DNA sequence analysis of the HAP4-LAP4 region on chromosome XI of Saccharomyces cerevisiae suggests the presence of a second aspartate aminotransferase gene in yeast. Yeast. 1993 Nov;9(11):1259-65. doi: 10.1002/yea.320091113.
Pubmed: 8109175
Dujon B, Alexandraki D, Andre B, Ansorge W, Baladron V, Ballesta JP, Banrevi A, Bolle PA, Bolotin-Fukuhara M, Bossier P, Bou G, Boyer J, Bultrago MJ, Cheret G, Colleaux L, Dalgnan-Fornler B, del Rey F, Dlon C, Domdey H, Dusterhoft A, Dusterhus S, Entlan KD, Erfle H, Esteban PF, Feldmann H, Fernandes L, Robo GM, Fritz C, Fukuhara H, Gabel C, Gaillon L, Carcia-Cantalejo JM, Garcia-Ramirez JJ, Gent NE, Ghazvini M, Goffeau A, Gonzalez A, Grothues D, Guerreiro P, Hegemann J, Hewitt N, Hilger F, Hollenberg CP, Horaitis O, Indge KJ, Jacquier A, James CM, Jauniaux C, Jimenez A, Keuchel H, Kirchrath L, Kleine K, Kotter P, Legrain P, Liebl S, Louis EJ, Maia e Silva A, Marck C, Monnier AL, Mostl D, Muller S, Obermaier B, Oliver SG, Pallier C, Pascolo S, Pfeiffer F, Philippsen P, Planta RJ, Pohl FM, Pohl TM, Pohlmann R, Portetelle D, Purnelle B, Puzos V, Ramezani Rad M, Rasmussen SW, Remacha M, Revuelta JL, Richard GF, Rieger M, Rodrigues-Pousada C, Rose M, Rupp T, Santos MA, Schwager C, Sensen C, Skala J, Soares H, Sor F, Stegemann J, Tettelin H, Thierry A, Tzermia M, Urrestarazu LA, van Dyck L, Van Vliet-Reedijk JC, Valens M, Vandenbo M, Vilela C, Vissers S, von Wettstein D, Voss H, Wiemann S, Xu G, Zimmermann J, Haasemann M, Becker I, Mewes HW: Complete DNA sequence of yeast chromosome XI. Nature. 1994 Jun 2;369(6479):371-8. doi: 10.1038/369371a0.
Pubmed: 8196765
Van Dyck L, Tettelin H, Purnelle B, Goffeau A: An 18.3 kb DNA fragment from yeast chromosome VII carries four unknown open reading frames, the gene for an Asn synthase, remnants of Ty and three tRNA genes. Yeast. 1997 Feb;13(2):171-6. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(199702)13:2<171::AID-YEA57>3.0.CO;2-V.
Pubmed: 9046098
Tettelin H, Agostoni Carbone ML, Albermann K, Albers M, Arroyo J, Backes U, Barreiros T, Bertani I, Bjourson AJ, Bruckner M, Bruschi CV, Carignani G, Castagnoli L, Cerdan E, Clemente ML, Coblenz A, Coglievina M, Coissac E, Defoor E, Del Bino S, Delius H, Delneri D, de Wergifosse P, Dujon B, Kleine K, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome VII. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):81-4.
Pubmed: 9169869
Sinclair K, Warner JP, Bonthron DT: The ASP1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, encoding the intracellular isozyme of L-asparaginase. Gene. 1994 Jun 24;144(1):37-43. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90200-3.
Pubmed: 8026756
Jacq C, Alt-Morbe J, Andre B, Arnold W, Bahr A, Ballesta JP, Bargues M, Baron L, Becker A, Biteau N, Blocker H, Blugeon C, Boskovic J, Brandt P, Bruckner M, Buitrago MJ, Coster F, Delaveau T, del Rey F, Dujon B, Eide LG, Garcia-Cantalejo JM, Goffeau A, Gomez-Peris A, Zaccaria P, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome IV. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):75-8.
Pubmed: 9169867
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