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Pathway Description
Operon: Lysine Decarboxylase
Escherichia coli
Category:
Protein Pathway
Sub-Categories:
Gene Regulatory
Cellular Response
Created: 2015-11-09
Last Updated: 2025-01-24
The lysine carboxylase operon consists of cadB and cadA genes. This operon's transcription activation can be controlled by GadE-RcsB DNA binding transcriptional activator, GadX (GadX DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator) , CadC (CadC DNA-binding transcriptional activator) or Lrp (Lrp transcriptional dual regulator) in unspecified binding site locations.
This operon's transcription inactivation is controlled by H-NS (H-NS DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator) binding to -32, -129, -175, -260 or -317 bp of the promoter site.
This operon's transcription inactivation can also be controlled by ArcA-Phosphorylated DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator binding to -179 bp of the promoter site.
References
Operon: Lysine Decarboxylase References
Auger EA, Redding KE, Plumb T, Childs LC, Meng SY, Bennett GN: Construction of lac fusions to the inducible arginine- and lysine decarboxylase genes of Escherichia coli K12. Mol Microbiol. 1989 May;3(5):609-20.
Pubmed: 2527331
Beretskene SIa, Bruzgulis PA, Ragavichus AB: [Conditions of the synthesis of lysine decarboxylase by Escherichia coli MRE 600]. Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol. 1980 May-Jun;16(3):351-5.
Pubmed: 7001435
Bi H, Zhang C: Integration host factor is required for the induction of acid resistance in Escherichia coli. Curr Microbiol. 2014 Aug;69(2):218-24. doi: 10.1007/s00284-014-0595-7. Epub 2014 May 10.
Pubmed: 24816374
Dell CL, Neely MN, Olson ER: Altered pH and lysine signalling mutants of cadC, a gene encoding a membrane-bound transcriptional activator of the Escherichia coli cadBA operon. Mol Microbiol. 1994 Oct;14(1):7-16.
Pubmed: 7830562
Fritz G, Koller C, Burdack K, Tetsch L, Haneburger I, Jung K, Gerland U: Induction kinetics of a conditional pH stress response system in Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 2009 Oct 23;393(2):272-86. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2009.08.037. Epub 2009 Aug 21.
Pubmed: 19703467
Hommais F, Krin E, Coppee JY, Lacroix C, Yeramian E, Danchin A, Bertin P: GadE (YhiE): a novel activator involved in the response to acid environment in Escherichia coli. Microbiology. 2004 Jan;150(Pt 1):61-72. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.26659-0.
Pubmed: 14702398
Huerta AM, Collado-Vides J: Sigma70 promoters in Escherichia coli: specific transcription in dense regions of overlapping promoter-like signals. J Mol Biol. 2003 Oct 17;333(2):261-78.
Pubmed: 14529615
Kikuchi Y, Kurahashi O, Nagano T, Kamio Y: RpoS-dependent expression of the second lysine decarboxylase gene in Escherichia coli. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1998 Jun;62(6):1267-70.
Pubmed: 9692215
Krin E, Danchin A, Soutourina O: Decrypting the H-NS-dependent regulatory cascade of acid stress resistance in Escherichia coli. BMC Microbiol. 2010 Oct 29;10:273. doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-10-273.
Pubmed: 21034467
Krin E, Danchin A, Soutourina O: RcsB plays a central role in H-NS-dependent regulation of motility and acid stress resistance in Escherichia coli. Res Microbiol. 2010 Jun;161(5):363-71. doi: 10.1016/j.resmic.2010.04.002. Epub 2010 May 14.
Pubmed: 20435136
Kuper C, Jung K: CadC-mediated activation of the cadBA promoter in Escherichia coli. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol. 2005;10(1):26-39. doi: 10.1159/000090346.
Pubmed: 16491024
Laurent G, Calemard E, Charra B: Dialysis related amyloidosis. Kidney Int Suppl. 1988 Mar;24:S32-4.
Pubmed: 3163049
Liu X, De Wulf P: Probing the ArcA-P modulon of Escherichia coli by whole genome transcriptional analysis and sequence recognition profiling. J Biol Chem. 2004 Mar 26;279(13):12588-97. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M313454200. Epub 2004 Jan 7.
Pubmed: 14711822
Marbaniang CN, Gowrishankar J: Role of ArgP (IciA) in lysine-mediated repression in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 2011 Nov;193(21):5985-96. doi: 10.1128/JB.05869-11. Epub 2011 Sep 2.
Pubmed: 21890697
Meng SY, Bennett GN: Regulation of the Escherichia coli cad operon: location of a site required for acid induction. J Bacteriol. 1992 Apr;174(8):2670-8.
Pubmed: 1556086
Neely MN, Dell CL, Olson ER: Roles of LysP and CadC in mediating the lysine requirement for acid induction of the Escherichia coli cad operon. J Bacteriol. 1994 Jun;176(11):3278-85.
Pubmed: 8195083
Neely MN, Olson ER: Kinetics of expression of the Escherichia coli cad operon as a function of pH and lysine. J Bacteriol. 1996 Sep;178(18):5522-8.
Pubmed: 8808945
Popkin PS, Maas WK: Escherichia coli regulatory mutation affecting lysine transport and lysine decarboxylase. J Bacteriol. 1980 Feb;141(2):485-92.
Pubmed: 6767681
Pruss BM, Markovic D, Matsumura P: The Escherichia coli flagellar transcriptional activator flhD regulates cell division through induction of the acid response gene cadA. J Bacteriol. 1997 Jun;179(11):3818-21.
Pubmed: 9171439
Reams SG, Lee N, Mat-Jan F, Clark DP: Effect of chelating agents and respiratory inhibitors on regulation of the cadA gene in Escherichia coli. Arch Microbiol. 1997 Apr;167(4):209-16.
Pubmed: 9075621
Rowbury RJ: Regulatory components, including integration host factor, CysB and H-NS, that influence pH responses in Escherichia coli. Lett Appl Microbiol. 1997 May;24(5):319-28.
Pubmed: 9172436
Ruiz J, Haneburger I, Jung K: Identification of ArgP and Lrp as transcriptional regulators of lysP, the gene encoding the specific lysine permease of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 2011 May;193(10):2536-48. doi: 10.1128/JB.00815-10. Epub 2011 Mar 25.
Pubmed: 21441513
Shi X, Waasdorp BC, Bennett GN: Modulation of acid-induced amino acid decarboxylase gene expression by hns in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1993 Feb;175(4):1182-6.
Pubmed: 8381784
Shi X, Bennett GN: Effects of multicopy LeuO on the expression of the acid-inducible lysine decarboxylase gene in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1995 Feb;177(3):810-4.
Pubmed: 7836317
Takayama M, Ohyama T, Igarashi K, Kobayashi H: Escherichia coli cad operon functions as a supplier of carbon dioxide. Mol Microbiol. 1994 Mar;11(5):913-8.
Pubmed: 8022268
Tetsch L, Koller C, Haneburger I, Jung K: The membrane-integrated transcriptional activator CadC of Escherichia coli senses lysine indirectly via the interaction with the lysine permease LysP. Mol Microbiol. 2008 Feb;67(3):570-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.06070.x. Epub 2007 Dec 16.
Pubmed: 18086202
Watson N, Dunyak DS, Rosey EL, Slonczewski JL, Olson ER: Identification of elements involved in transcriptional regulation of the Escherichia coli cad operon by external pH. J Bacteriol. 1992 Jan;174(2):530-40.
Pubmed: 1370290
Ovchinnikov YA, Monastyrskaya GS, Gubanov VV, Guryev SO, Chertov OYu, Modyanov NN, Grinkevich VA, Makarova IA, Marchenko TV, Polovnikova IN, Lipkin VM, Sverdlov ED: The primary structure of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. Nucleotide sequence of the rpoB gene and amino-acid sequence of the beta-subunit. Eur J Biochem. 1981 Jun 1;116(3):621-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1981.tb05381.x.
Pubmed: 6266829
Blattner FR, Burland V, Plunkett G 3rd, Sofia HJ, Daniels DL: Analysis of the Escherichia coli genome. IV. DNA sequence of the region from 89.2 to 92.8 minutes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1993 Nov 25;21(23):5408-17. doi: 10.1093/nar/21.23.5408.
Pubmed: 8265357
Blattner FR, Plunkett G 3rd, Bloch CA, Perna NT, Burland V, Riley M, Collado-Vides J, Glasner JD, Rode CK, Mayhew GF, Gregor J, Davis NW, Kirkpatrick HA, Goeden MA, Rose DJ, Mau B, Shao Y: The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12. Science. 1997 Sep 5;277(5331):1453-62. doi: 10.1126/science.277.5331.1453.
Pubmed: 9278503
Meek DW, Hayward RS: Nucleotide sequence of the rpoA-rplQ DNA of Escherichia coli: a second regulatory binding site for protein S4? Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jul 25;12(14):5813-21. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.14.5813.
Pubmed: 6379605
Igarashi K, Fujita N, Ishihama A: Sequence analysis of two temperature-sensitive mutations in the alpha subunit gene (rpoA) of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Oct 25;18(20):5945-8. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.20.5945.
Pubmed: 2235479
Ovchinnikov YA, Lipkin VM, Modyanov NN, Chertov OY, Smirnov YV: Primary structure of alpha-subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli. FEBS Lett. 1977 Apr 1;76(1):108-11. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(77)80131-2.
Pubmed: 323055
Ovchinnikov YuA, Monastyrskaya GS, Gubanov VV, Guryev SO, Salomatina IS, Shuvaeva TM, Lipkin VM, Sverdlov ED: The primary structure of E. coli RNA polymerase, Nucleotide sequence of the rpoC gene and amino acid sequence of the beta'-subunit. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Jul 10;10(13):4035-44. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.13.4035.
Pubmed: 6287430
Squires C, Krainer A, Barry G, Shen WF, Squires CL: Nucleotide sequence at the end of the gene for the RNA polymerase beta' subunit (rpoC). Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Dec 21;9(24):6827-40. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.24.6827.
Pubmed: 6278450
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