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Pathway Description
Glutamate Metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2015-12-03
Last Updated: 2025-01-25
The glutamate metabolism in S. cerevisiae happens both inside the mitochondria and the cytosol.
The process in the mitochondria starts with asparagine being metabolized into ornithine. Ornithine then reacts with an ornithine aminotransferase resulting in the release of a L-glutamic gamma semialdehyde. This compound then reacts with an aldehyde dehydrogenase resulting in the release of L-glutamic acid.
Mitochondrial L-glutamic acid is degraded by reacting with a glutamate dehydrogenase resulting in the release of oxoglutaric acid which is then incorporated into the TCA cycle.
The process of glutamate metabolism in the cytosol starts with the synthesis of L-glutamic acid from either L-glutamine or from oxoglutaric acid.
1. L-glutamine reacts with Oxoglutaric acid through a NAD dependent glutamate synthase resulting in the release of glutamic acid
2. Oxoglutaric acid reacts with ammonium through a NADP dependent glutamate dehydrogenase resulting in the release of water and L-glutamic acid
3.Oxoglutaric acid reacts with ammonium through a NADP dependent glutamate dehydrogenase 2 resulting in the release of water and L-glutamic acid
The degradation of L-glutamic acid starts with water through an glutamate dehydrogenase resulting in the release of Oxoglutaric acid and ammonium. L-glutamic acid can also be degraded by reacting with a glutamate decarboxylase resulting in the release of GABA. GABA is further degraded by 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase resulting in the release of succinic acid semialdehyde.This compound is then metabolized into succinic acid through a succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase
References
Glutamate Metabolism References
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Pubmed: 1682801
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Pubmed: 7901008
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Pubmed: 8923741
Cogoni C, Valenzuela L, Gonzalez-Halphen D, Olivera H, Macino G, Ballario P, Gonzalez A: Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a single glutamate synthase gene coding for a plant-like high-molecular-weight polypeptide. J Bacteriol. 1995 Feb;177(3):792-8. doi: 10.1128/jb.177.3.792-798.1995.
Pubmed: 7836314
Masters DS Jr, Meister A: Inhibition of homocysteine sulfonamide of glutamate synthase purified from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 1982 Aug 10;257(15):8711-5.
Pubmed: 7047525
Nagasu T, Hall BD: Nucleotide sequence of the GDH gene coding for the NADP-specific glutamate dehydrogenase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gene. 1985;37(1-3):247-53. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(85)90279-3.
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Pubmed: 9169874
Bussey H, Kaback DB, Zhong W, Vo DT, Clark MW, Fortin N, Hall J, Ouellette BF, Keng T, Barton AB, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of chromosome I from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Apr 25;92(9):3809-13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.92.9.3809.
Pubmed: 7731988
Bowman S, Churcher C, Badcock K, Brown D, Chillingworth T, Connor R, Dedman K, Devlin K, Gentles S, Hamlin N, Hunt S, Jagels K, Lye G, Moule S, Odell C, Pearson D, Rajandream M, Rice P, Skelton J, Walsh S, Whitehead S, Barrell B: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XIII. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):90-3.
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Ghaemmaghami S, Huh WK, Bower K, Howson RW, Belle A, Dephoure N, O'Shea EK, Weissman JS: Global analysis of protein expression in yeast. Nature. 2003 Oct 16;425(6959):737-41. doi: 10.1038/nature02046.
Pubmed: 14562106
Andre B, Jauniaux JC: Nucleotide sequence of the yeast UGA1 gene encoding GABA transaminase. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 May 25;18(10):3049. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.10.3049.
Pubmed: 2190186
Andersen G, Andersen B, Dobritzsch D, Schnackerz KD, Piskur J: A gene duplication led to specialized gamma-aminobutyrate and beta-alanine aminotransferase in yeast. FEBS J. 2007 Apr;274(7):1804-17. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.05729.x. Epub 2007 Mar 12.
Pubmed: 17355287
Rieger M, Bruckner M, Schafer M, Muller-Auer S: Sequence analysis of 203 kilobases from Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome VII. Yeast. 1997 Sep 15;13(11):1077-90. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(19970915)13:11<1077::AID-YEA152>3.0.CO;2-Y.
Pubmed: 9290212
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