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Pathway Description
Serine Metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2016-01-07
Last Updated: 2019-09-12
The biosynthesis of serine begins with 3-phospho-D-glycerate being metabolize into 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate through a 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase. The resulting compound 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate is transaminated into 3-phospho-L-serine through a phosphoserine transaminase. This is followed by 3-phospho-L-serine being dephosphorylated through a phosphoserine phosphatase resulting in the release of a phosphate and Serine.
Serine can also be incorporated into the mitochondrion and then serine can then be used to synthesize glycine through a mitochondrial serine hydroxymethyltransferase. Glycine is then used to synthesize formic acid by first being metabolized into 5,10 methylene THF, which is transformed into a 5,10 methenyltetrahydrofolate , followed by an N10 formyl tetrahydrofolate and lastly formic acid, all through a mitochondrial C1-tetrahydrofolate synthase.
In the cytosol serine can either be degraded to synthesize glycine through a serine hydroxymethyltransferase or it can be degraded into 2-aminoprop-2-enoate. The latter compound can be spontaneously be converted first into 2-iminopropanoate and this compound is then converted into pyruvic acid.
References
Serine Metabolism References
Bornaes C, Petersen JG, Holmberg S: Serine and threonine catabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: the CHA1 polypeptide is homologous with other serine and threonine dehydratases. Genetics. 1992 Jul;131(3):531-9.
Pubmed: 1628804
Albers E, Laize V, Blomberg A, Hohmann S, Gustafsson L: Ser3p (Yer081wp) and Ser33p (Yil074cp) are phosphoglycerate dehydrogenases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 2003 Mar 21;278(12):10264-72. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M211692200. Epub 2003 Jan 13.
Pubmed: 12525494
Jones EW and Fink GR Regulation of amino acid and nucleotide biosynthesis in yeast. in The Molecular Biology of the Yeast Saccharomyces: Metabolism and Gene Expression, edited by Strathern JN, Jones EW and Broach JR. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1982) p.181-299
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Pubmed: 9169870
Engel SR, Dietrich FS, Fisk DG, Binkley G, Balakrishnan R, Costanzo MC, Dwight SS, Hitz BC, Karra K, Nash RS, Weng S, Wong ED, Lloyd P, Skrzypek MS, Miyasato SR, Simison M, Cherry JM: The reference genome sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: then and now. G3 (Bethesda). 2014 Mar 20;4(3):389-98. doi: 10.1534/g3.113.008995.
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Pubmed: 14562106
Dietrich FS, Mulligan J, Hennessy K, Yelton MA, Allen E, Araujo R, Aviles E, Berno A, Brennan T, Carpenter J, Chen E, Cherry JM, Chung E, Duncan M, Guzman E, Hartzell G, Hunicke-Smith S, Hyman RW, Kayser A, Komp C, Lashkari D, Lew H, Lin D, Mosedale D, Davis RW, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome V. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):78-81.
Pubmed: 9169868
Melcher K, Rose M, Kunzler M, Braus GH, Entian KD: Molecular analysis of the yeast SER1 gene encoding 3-phosphoserine aminotransferase: regulation by general control and serine repression. Curr Genet. 1995 May;27(6):501-8.
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Belhumeur P, Fortin N, Clark MW: A gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae which codes for a protein with significant homology to the bacterial 3-phosphoserine aminotransferase. Yeast. 1994 Mar;10(3):385-9. doi: 10.1002/yea.320100311.
Pubmed: 8017107
Dujon B, Albermann K, Aldea M, Alexandraki D, Ansorge W, Arino J, Benes V, Bohn C, Bolotin-Fukuhara M, Bordonne R, Boyer J, Camasses A, Casamayor A, Casas C, Cheret G, Cziepluch C, Daignan-Fornier B, Dang DV, de Haan M, Delius H, Durand P, Fairhead C, Feldmann H, Gaillon L, Kleine K, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XV. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):98-102.
Pubmed: 9169874
Guerreiro P, Barreiros T, Soares H, Cyrne L, Maia e Silva A, Rodrigues-Pousada C: Sequencing of a 17.6 kb segment on the right arm of yeast chromosome VII reveals 12 ORFs, including CCT, ADE3 and TR-I genes, homologues of the yeast PMT and EF1G genes, of the human and bacterial electron-transferring flavoproteins (beta-chain) and of the Escherichia coli phosphoserine phosphohydrolase, and five new ORFs. Yeast. 1996 Mar 15;12(3):273-80. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(19960315)12:3%3C273::AID-YEA898%3E3.0.CO;2-1.
Pubmed: 8904340
Tettelin H, Agostoni Carbone ML, Albermann K, Albers M, Arroyo J, Backes U, Barreiros T, Bertani I, Bjourson AJ, Bruckner M, Bruschi CV, Carignani G, Castagnoli L, Cerdan E, Clemente ML, Coblenz A, Coglievina M, Coissac E, Defoor E, Del Bino S, Delius H, Delneri D, de Wergifosse P, Dujon B, Kleine K, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome VII. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):81-4.
Pubmed: 9169869
McNeil JB, McIntosh EM, Taylor BV, Zhang FR, Tang S, Bognar AL: Cloning and molecular characterization of three genes, including two genes encoding serine hydroxymethyltransferases, whose inactivation is required to render yeast auxotrophic for glycine. J Biol Chem. 1994 Mar 25;269(12):9155-65.
Pubmed: 8132653
Doignon F, Biteau N, Crouzet M, Aigle M: The complete sequence of a 19,482 bp segment located on the right arm of chromosome II from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast. 1993 Feb;9(2):189-99. doi: 10.1002/yea.320090210.
Pubmed: 8465606
Feldmann H, Aigle M, Aljinovic G, Andre B, Baclet MC, Barthe C, Baur A, Becam AM, Biteau N, Boles E, Brandt T, Brendel M, Bruckner M, Bussereau F, Christiansen C, Contreras R, Crouzet M, Cziepluch C, Demolis N, Delaveau T, Doignon F, Domdey H, Dusterhus S, Dubois E, Dujon B, El Bakkoury M, Entian KD, Feurmann M, Fiers W, Fobo GM, Fritz C, Gassenhuber H, Glandsdorff N, Goffeau A, Grivell LA, de Haan M, Hein C, Herbert CJ, Hollenberg CP, Holmstrom K, Jacq C, Jacquet M, Jauniaux JC, Jonniaux JL, Kallesoe T, Kiesau P, Kirchrath L, Kotter P, Korol S, Liebl S, Logghe M, Lohan AJ, Louis EJ, Li ZY, Maat MJ, Mallet L, Mannhaupt G, Messenguy F, Miosga T, Molemans F, Muller S, Nasr F, Obermaier B, Perea J, Pierard A, Piravandi E, Pohl FM, Pohl TM, Potier S, Proft M, Purnelle B, Ramezani Rad M, Rieger M, Rose M, Schaaff-Gerstenschlager I, Scherens B, Schwarzlose C, Skala J, Slonimski PP, Smits PH, Souciet JL, Steensma HY, Stucka R, Urrestarazu A, van der Aart QJ, van Dyck L, Vassarotti A, Vetter I, Vierendeels F, Vissers S, Wagner G, de Wergifosse P, Wolfe KH, Zagulski M, Zimmermann FK, Mewes HW, Kleine K: Complete DNA sequence of yeast chromosome II. EMBO J. 1994 Dec 15;13(24):5795-809.
Pubmed: 7813418
Johnston M, Hillier L, Riles L, Albermann K, Andre B, Ansorge W, Benes V, Bruckner M, Delius H, Dubois E, Dusterhoft A, Entian KD, Floeth M, Goffeau A, Hebling U, Heumann K, Heuss-Neitzel D, Hilbert H, Hilger F, Kleine K, Kotter P, Louis EJ, Messenguy F, Mewes HW, Hoheisel JD, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XII. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):87-90.
Pubmed: 9169871
McNeil JB, Zhang F, Taylor BV, Sinclair DA, Pearlman RE, Bognar AL: Cloning, and molecular characterization of the GCV1 gene encoding the glycine cleavage T-protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gene. 1997 Feb 20;186(1):13-20. doi: 10.1016/s0378-1119(96)00670-1.
Pubmed: 9047339
Eide LG, Sander C, Prydz H: Sequencing and analysis of a 35.4 kb region on the right [corrected] arm of chromosome IV from Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveal 23 open reading frames. Yeast. 1996 Sep;12(10B Suppl):1085-90. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(199609)12:10B%3C1085::AID-YEA9%3E3.0.CO;2-0.
Pubmed: 8896275
Jacq C, Alt-Morbe J, Andre B, Arnold W, Bahr A, Ballesta JP, Bargues M, Baron L, Becker A, Biteau N, Blocker H, Blugeon C, Boskovic J, Brandt P, Bruckner M, Buitrago MJ, Coster F, Delaveau T, del Rey F, Dujon B, Eide LG, Garcia-Cantalejo JM, Goffeau A, Gomez-Peris A, Zaccaria P, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome IV. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):75-8.
Pubmed: 9169867
Shannon KW, Rabinowitz JC: Isolation and characterization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae MIS1 gene encoding mitochondrial C1-tetrahydrofolate synthase. J Biol Chem. 1988 Jun 5;263(16):7717-25.
Pubmed: 2836393
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