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Pathway Description
Glycerophospholipid Metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2016-03-01
Last Updated: 2023-10-25
The metabolism of glycerophospholipid begins with glycerone phosphate either reacting with glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase resulting in the release of glycerol-3-phosphate or it can react with glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase / dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase resulting in the release of a 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate.
Glycerol-3-phosphate reacts with glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase resulting in the release of an acyl glycerol phosphate. 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate 1-acyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate reductase resulting in the release of a acyl glycerol phosphate. The latter compound then reacts with a oleoyl-CoA: lysophosphatidate acyltransferase resulting in the release of a phosphatidic acid. The latter compound reacts with Phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase 1 resulting in the release of diacyl glycerol. This compound can be metabolized through a CTP-dependent diacylglycerol kinase 1 resulting in the release of a phosphatidic acid. Diacyl glycerol reacts with cdp-ethanolamine through a bifunctional diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase/ethanolaminephosphotransferase resulting in the release of a phosphatidyl ethanolamine.
References
Glycerophospholipid Metabolism References
Benghezal M, Roubaty C, Veepuri V, Knudsen J, Conzelmann A: SLC1 and SLC4 encode partially redundant acyl-coenzyme A 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferases of budding yeast. J Biol Chem. 2007 Oct 19;282(42):30845-55. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M702719200. Epub 2007 Aug 3.
Pubmed: 17675291
Czabany T, Athenstaedt K, Daum G: Synthesis, storage and degradation of neutral lipids in yeast. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 Mar;1771(3):299-309. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2006.07.001. Epub 2006 Jul 13.
Pubmed: 16916618
Nagiec MM, Wells GB, Lester RL, Dickson RC: A suppressor gene that enables Saccharomyces cerevisiae to grow without making sphingolipids encodes a protein that resembles an Escherichia coli fatty acyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 1993 Oct 15;268(29):22156-63.
Pubmed: 8408076
Zheng Z, Zou J: The initial step of the glycerolipid pathway: identification of glycerol 3-phosphate/dihydroxyacetone phosphate dual substrate acyltransferases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 2001 Nov 9;276(45):41710-6. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M104749200. Epub 2001 Sep 5.
Pubmed: 11544256
Carman GM, Han GS: Regulation of phospholipid synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by zinc depletion. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 Mar;1771(3):322-30. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2006.05.006. Epub 2006 May 19.
Pubmed: 16807089
Min-Seok R, Kawamata Y, Nakamura H, Ohta A, Takagi M: Isolation and characterization of ECT1 gene encoding CTP: phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biochem. 1996 Nov;120(5):1040-7.
Pubmed: 8982874
Albertyn J, Hohmann S, Thevelein JM, Prior BA: GPD1, which encodes glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, is essential for growth under osmotic stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and its expression is regulated by the high-osmolarity glycerol response pathway. Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Jun;14(6):4135-44. doi: 10.1128/mcb.14.6.4135.
Pubmed: 8196651
Wang HT, Rahaim P, Robbins P, Yocum RR: Cloning, sequence, and disruption of the Saccharomyces diastaticus DAR1 gene encoding a glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. J Bacteriol. 1994 Nov;176(22):7091-5. doi: 10.1128/jb.176.22.7091-7095.1994.
Pubmed: 7961476
Valadi A, Granath K, Gustafsson L, Adler L: Distinct intracellular localization of Gpd1p and Gpd2p, the two yeast isoforms of NAD+-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, explains their different contributions to redox-driven glycerol production. J Biol Chem. 2004 Sep 17;279(38):39677-85. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M403310200. Epub 2004 Jun 21.
Pubmed: 15210723
Eriksson P, Andre L, Ansell R, Blomberg A, Adler L: Cloning and characterization of GPD2, a second gene encoding sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and its comparison with GPD1. Mol Microbiol. 1995 Jul;17(1):95-107. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_17010095.x.
Pubmed: 7476212
Mannhaupt G, Vetter I, Schwarzlose C, Mitzel S, Feldmann H: Analysis of a 26 kb region on the left arm of yeast chromosome XV. Yeast. 1996 Jan;12(1):67-76. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(199601)12:1%3C67::AID-YEA884%3E3.0.CO;2-F.
Pubmed: 8789261
Dujon B, Albermann K, Aldea M, Alexandraki D, Ansorge W, Arino J, Benes V, Bohn C, Bolotin-Fukuhara M, Bordonne R, Boyer J, Camasses A, Casamayor A, Casas C, Cheret G, Cziepluch C, Daignan-Fornier B, Dang DV, de Haan M, Delius H, Durand P, Fairhead C, Feldmann H, Gaillon L, Kleine K, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XV. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):98-102.
Pubmed: 9169874
Dujon B, Alexandraki D, Andre B, Ansorge W, Baladron V, Ballesta JP, Banrevi A, Bolle PA, Bolotin-Fukuhara M, Bossier P, Bou G, Boyer J, Bultrago MJ, Cheret G, Colleaux L, Dalgnan-Fornler B, del Rey F, Dlon C, Domdey H, Dusterhoft A, Dusterhus S, Entlan KD, Erfle H, Esteban PF, Feldmann H, Fernandes L, Robo GM, Fritz C, Fukuhara H, Gabel C, Gaillon L, Carcia-Cantalejo JM, Garcia-Ramirez JJ, Gent NE, Ghazvini M, Goffeau A, Gonzalez A, Grothues D, Guerreiro P, Hegemann J, Hewitt N, Hilger F, Hollenberg CP, Horaitis O, Indge KJ, Jacquier A, James CM, Jauniaux C, Jimenez A, Keuchel H, Kirchrath L, Kleine K, Kotter P, Legrain P, Liebl S, Louis EJ, Maia e Silva A, Marck C, Monnier AL, Mostl D, Muller S, Obermaier B, Oliver SG, Pallier C, Pascolo S, Pfeiffer F, Philippsen P, Planta RJ, Pohl FM, Pohl TM, Pohlmann R, Portetelle D, Purnelle B, Puzos V, Ramezani Rad M, Rasmussen SW, Remacha M, Revuelta JL, Richard GF, Rieger M, Rodrigues-Pousada C, Rose M, Rupp T, Santos MA, Schwager C, Sensen C, Skala J, Soares H, Sor F, Stegemann J, Tettelin H, Thierry A, Tzermia M, Urrestarazu LA, van Dyck L, Van Vliet-Reedijk JC, Valens M, Vandenbo M, Vilela C, Vissers S, von Wettstein D, Voss H, Wiemann S, Xu G, Zimmermann J, Haasemann M, Becker I, Mewes HW: Complete DNA sequence of yeast chromosome XI. Nature. 1994 Jun 2;369(6479):371-8. doi: 10.1038/369371a0.
Pubmed: 8196765
Engel SR, Dietrich FS, Fisk DG, Binkley G, Balakrishnan R, Costanzo MC, Dwight SS, Hitz BC, Karra K, Nash RS, Weng S, Wong ED, Lloyd P, Skrzypek MS, Miyasato SR, Simison M, Cherry JM: The reference genome sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: then and now. G3 (Bethesda). 2014 Mar 20;4(3):389-98. doi: 10.1534/g3.113.008995.
Pubmed: 24374639
Matsushita M, Nikawa J: Isolation and characterization of a SCT1 gene which can suppress a choline-transport mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biochem. 1995 Feb;117(2):447-51. doi: 10.1093/jb/117.2.447.
Pubmed: 7608137
Skala J, Van Dyck L, Purnelle B, Goffeau A: The sequence of an 8 kb segment on the left arm of chromosome II from Saccharomyces cerevisiae identifies five new open reading frames of unknown functions, two tRNA genes and two transposable elements. Yeast. 1992 Sep;8(9):777-85. doi: 10.1002/yea.320080911.
Pubmed: 1332308
Churcher C, Bowman S, Badcock K, Bankier A, Brown D, Chillingworth T, Connor R, Devlin K, Gentles S, Hamlin N, Harris D, Horsnell T, Hunt S, Jagels K, Jones M, Lye G, Moule S, Odell C, Pearson D, Rajandream M, Rice P, Rowley N, Skelton J, Smith V, Barrell B, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome IX. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):84-7.
Pubmed: 9169870
Racenis PV, Lai JL, Das AK, Mullick PC, Hajra AK, Greenberg ML: The acyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate pathway enzymes for glycerolipid biosynthesis are present in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol. 1992 Sep;174(17):5702-10. doi: 10.1128/jb.174.17.5702-5710.1992.
Pubmed: 1512203
Madania A, Poch O, Tarassov I, Winsor B, Martin R: Analysis of a 22,956 bp region on the right arm of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XV. Yeast. 1996 Dec;12(15):1563-73. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(199612)12:15%3C1563::AID-YEA44%3E3.0.CO;2-M.
Pubmed: 8972579
Garcia-Cantalejo J, Baladron V, Esteban PF, Santos MA, Bou G, Remacha MA, Revuelta JL, Ballesta JP, Jimenez A, del Rey F: The complete sequence of an 18,002 bp segment of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XI contains the HBS1, MRP-L20 and PRP16 genes, and six new open reading frames. Yeast. 1994 Feb;10(2):231-45. doi: 10.1002/yea.320100210.
Pubmed: 8203164
Jacq C, Alt-Morbe J, Andre B, Arnold W, Bahr A, Ballesta JP, Bargues M, Baron L, Becker A, Biteau N, Blocker H, Blugeon C, Boskovic J, Brandt P, Bruckner M, Buitrago MJ, Coster F, Delaveau T, del Rey F, Dujon B, Eide LG, Garcia-Cantalejo JM, Goffeau A, Gomez-Peris A, Zaccaria P, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome IV. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):75-8.
Pubmed: 9169867
Voss H, Benes V, Andrade MA, Valencia A, Rechmann S, Teodoru C, Schwager C, Paces V, Sander C, Ansorge W: DNA sequencing and analysis of 130 kb from yeast chromosome XV. Yeast. 1997 Jun 15;13(7):655-72. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(19970615)13:7<655::AID-YEA120>3.0.CO;2-I.
Pubmed: 9200815
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