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Pathway Description
Nitrogen Metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2016-03-21
Last Updated: 2025-01-25
The metabolism of nitrogen in yeast involves ammonia and amino acids. Ammonia and oxoglutaric acid react with glutamate dehydrogenase resulting in the release of glutamic acid. Isocitric acid acid reacts with isocitrate dehydrogenase resulting in the release of Oxoglutaric acid which reacts with glutamine resulting in the release of glutamic acid.
References
Nitrogen Metabolism References
Zhao WN, McAlister-Henn L: Expression and gene disruption analysis of the isocitrate dehydrogenase family in yeast. Biochemistry. 1996 Jun 18;35(24):7873-8. doi: 10.1021/bi9605189.
Pubmed: 8672488
Avendano A, Deluna A, Olivera H, Valenzuela L, Gonzalez A: GDH3 encodes a glutamate dehydrogenase isozyme, a previously unrecognized route for glutamate biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol. 1997 Sep;179(17):5594-7.
Pubmed: 9287019
Benjamin PM, Wu JI, Mitchell AP, Magasanik B: Three regulatory systems control expression of glutamine synthetase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae at the level of transcription. Mol Gen Genet. 1989 Jun;217(2-3):370-7.
Pubmed: 2570348
DeLuna A, Avendano A, Riego L, Gonzalez A: NADP-glutamate dehydrogenase isoenzymes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Purification, kinetic properties, and physiological roles. J Biol Chem. 2001 Nov 23;276(47):43775-83. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M107986200. Epub 2001 Sep 18.
Pubmed: 11562373
Filetici P, Martegani MP, Valenzuela L, Gonzalez A, Ballario P: Sequence of the GLT1 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals the domain structure of yeast glutamate synthase. Yeast. 1996 Oct;12(13):1359-66. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(199610)12:13<1359::AID-YEA3>3.0.CO;2-5.
Pubmed: 8923741
Jones EW and Fink GR Regulation of amino acid and nucleotide biosynthesis in yeast. in The Molecular Biology of the Yeast Saccharomyces: Metabolism and Gene Expression, edited by Strathern JN, Jones EW and Broach JR. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1982) p.181-299
Magasanik, B. Regulation of Nitrogen Utilization. The Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Yeast Saccharomyces: Gene Expression (1992) 2, p.283-317
Moye WS, Amuro N, Rao JK, Zalkin H: Nucleotide sequence of yeast GDH1 encoding nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem. 1985 Jul 15;260(14):8502-8.
Pubmed: 2989290
Valenzuela L, Ballario P, Aranda C, Filetici P, Gonzalez A: Regulation of expression of GLT1, the gene encoding glutamate synthase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol. 1998 Jul;180(14):3533-40.
Pubmed: 9657994
Haselbeck RJ, McAlister-Henn L: Isolation, nucleotide sequence, and disruption of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene encoding mitochondrial NADP(H)-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem. 1991 Feb 5;266(4):2339-45.
Pubmed: 1989987
Jacq C, Alt-Morbe J, Andre B, Arnold W, Bahr A, Ballesta JP, Bargues M, Baron L, Becker A, Biteau N, Blocker H, Blugeon C, Boskovic J, Brandt P, Bruckner M, Buitrago MJ, Coster F, Delaveau T, del Rey F, Dujon B, Eide LG, Garcia-Cantalejo JM, Goffeau A, Gomez-Peris A, Zaccaria P, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome IV. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):75-8.
Pubmed: 9169867
Engel SR, Dietrich FS, Fisk DG, Binkley G, Balakrishnan R, Costanzo MC, Dwight SS, Hitz BC, Karra K, Nash RS, Weng S, Wong ED, Lloyd P, Skrzypek MS, Miyasato SR, Simison M, Cherry JM: The reference genome sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: then and now. G3 (Bethesda). 2014 Mar 20;4(3):389-98. doi: 10.1534/g3.113.008995.
Pubmed: 24374639
Loftus TM, Hall LV, Anderson SL, McAlister-Henn L: Isolation, characterization, and disruption of the yeast gene encoding cytosolic NADP-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase. Biochemistry. 1994 Aug 16;33(32):9661-7. doi: 10.1021/bi00198a035.
Pubmed: 8068643
Johnston M, Hillier L, Riles L, Albermann K, Andre B, Ansorge W, Benes V, Bruckner M, Delius H, Dubois E, Dusterhoft A, Entian KD, Floeth M, Goffeau A, Hebling U, Heumann K, Heuss-Neitzel D, Hilbert H, Hilger F, Kleine K, Kotter P, Louis EJ, Messenguy F, Mewes HW, Hoheisel JD, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XII. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):87-90.
Pubmed: 9169871
Philippsen P, Kleine K, Pohlmann R, Dusterhoft A, Hamberg K, Hegemann JH, Obermaier B, Urrestarazu LA, Aert R, Albermann K, Altmann R, Andre B, Baladron V, Ballesta JP, Becam AM, Beinhauer J, Boskovic J, Buitrago MJ, Bussereau F, Coster F, Crouzet M, D'Angelo M, Dal Pero F, De Antoni A, Del Rey F, Doignon F, Domdey H, Dubois E, Fiedler T, Fleig U, Floeth M, Fritz C, Gaillardin C, Garcia-Cantalejo JM, Glansdorff NN, Goffeau A, Gueldener U, Herbert C, Heumann K, Heuss-Neitzel D, Hilbert H, Hinni K, Iraqui Houssaini I, Jacquet M, Jimenez A, Jonniaux JL, Karpfinger L, Lanfranchi G, Lepingle A, Levesque H, Lyck R, Maftahi M, Mallet L, Maurer KC, Messenguy F, Mewes HW, Mosti D, Nasr F, Nicaud JM, Niedenthal RK, Pandolfo D, Pierard A, Piravandi E, Planta RJ, Pohl TM, Purnelle B, Rebischung C, Remacha M, Revuelta JL, Rinke M, Saiz JE, Sartorello F, Scherens B, Sen-Gupta M, Soler-Mira A, Urbanus JH, Valle G, Van Dyck L, Verhasselt P, Vierendeels F, Vissers S, Voet M, Volckaert G, Wach A, Wambutt R, Wedler H, Zollner A, Hani J: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XIV and its evolutionary implications. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):93-8.
Pubmed: 9169873
Hu Y, Rolfs A, Bhullar B, Murthy TV, Zhu C, Berger MF, Camargo AA, Kelley F, McCarron S, Jepson D, Richardson A, Raphael J, Moreira D, Taycher E, Zuo D, Mohr S, Kane MF, Williamson J, Simpson A, Bulyk ML, Harlow E, Marsischky G, Kolodner RD, LaBaer J: Approaching a complete repository of sequence-verified protein-encoding clones for Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genome Res. 2007 Apr;17(4):536-43. doi: 10.1101/gr.6037607. Epub 2007 Feb 23.
Pubmed: 17322287
Minehart PL, Magasanik B: Sequence of the GLN1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: role of the upstream region in regulation of glutamine synthetase expression. J Bacteriol. 1992 Mar;174(6):1828-36. doi: 10.1128/jb.174.6.1828-1836.1992.
Pubmed: 1347768
Bussey H, Storms RK, Ahmed A, Albermann K, Allen E, Ansorge W, Araujo R, Aparicio A, Barrell B, Badcock K, Benes V, Botstein D, Bowman S, Bruckner M, Carpenter J, Cherry JM, Chung E, Churcher C, Coster F, Davis K, Davis RW, Dietrich FS, Delius H, DiPaolo T, Hani J, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XVI. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):103-5.
Pubmed: 9169875
Filetici P, Martegani MP, Valenzuela L, Gonzalez A, Ballario P: Sequence of the GLT1 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals the domain structure of yeast glutamate synthase. Yeast. 1996 Oct;12(13):1359-66. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(199610)12:13%3C1359::AID-YEA3%3E3.0.CO;2-5.
Pubmed: 8923741
Cogoni C, Valenzuela L, Gonzalez-Halphen D, Olivera H, Macino G, Ballario P, Gonzalez A: Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a single glutamate synthase gene coding for a plant-like high-molecular-weight polypeptide. J Bacteriol. 1995 Feb;177(3):792-8. doi: 10.1128/jb.177.3.792-798.1995.
Pubmed: 7836314
Masters DS Jr, Meister A: Inhibition of homocysteine sulfonamide of glutamate synthase purified from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 1982 Aug 10;257(15):8711-5.
Pubmed: 7047525
Nagasu T, Hall BD: Nucleotide sequence of the GDH gene coding for the NADP-specific glutamate dehydrogenase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gene. 1985;37(1-3):247-53. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(85)90279-3.
Pubmed: 2932370
Dujon B, Albermann K, Aldea M, Alexandraki D, Ansorge W, Arino J, Benes V, Bohn C, Bolotin-Fukuhara M, Bordonne R, Boyer J, Camasses A, Casamayor A, Casas C, Cheret G, Cziepluch C, Daignan-Fornier B, Dang DV, de Haan M, Delius H, Durand P, Fairhead C, Feldmann H, Gaillon L, Kleine K, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XV. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):98-102.
Pubmed: 9169874
Bussey H, Kaback DB, Zhong W, Vo DT, Clark MW, Fortin N, Hall J, Ouellette BF, Keng T, Barton AB, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of chromosome I from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Apr 25;92(9):3809-13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.92.9.3809.
Pubmed: 7731988
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