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Pathway Description
Isoleucine Degradation
Arabidopsis thaliana
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2016-05-05
Last Updated: 2019-08-28
The degradation of isoleucine starts either in the mitochondria or the cytosol. L-isoleucine reacts with 2-oxoglutarate through a branch-chain amino acid aminotransferase resulting in the release of L-glutamate and 3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate. The latter compound reacts with 2-oxoisovalerate carboxy-lyase resulting in the release of carbon dioxide and methylbutanoyl. Methylbutanol reacts with oxidized flavoproteins resulting in the release of a reduced flavoprotein and tiglyl-CoA. The latter then reacts with water resulting in the release of 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA. The latter compound reacts with NAD resulting in the release of NADH, hydrogen ion and 2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA. The latter then reacts with a Coenzyme A resulting in the release of propanoyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA. This degradation pathways may be an important detoxification mechanism to prevent the build up of branched chain aminoacids and their derived alpha-keto acids which are cytotoxic.
References
Isoleucine Degradation References
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Pubmed: 27862469
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Yamada K, Lim J, Dale JM, Chen H, Shinn P, Palm CJ, Southwick AM, Wu HC, Kim C, Nguyen M, Pham P, Cheuk R, Karlin-Newmann G, Liu SX, Lam B, Sakano H, Wu T, Yu G, Miranda M, Quach HL, Tripp M, Chang CH, Lee JM, Toriumi M, Chan MM, Tang CC, Onodera CS, Deng JM, Akiyama K, Ansari Y, Arakawa T, Banh J, Banno F, Bowser L, Brooks S, Carninci P, Chao Q, Choy N, Enju A, Goldsmith AD, Gurjal M, Hansen NF, Hayashizaki Y, Johnson-Hopson C, Hsuan VW, Iida K, Karnes M, Khan S, Koesema E, Ishida J, Jiang PX, Jones T, Kawai J, Kamiya A, Meyers C, Nakajima M, Narusaka M, Seki M, Sakurai T, Satou M, Tamse R, Vaysberg M, Wallender EK, Wong C, Yamamura Y, Yuan S, Shinozaki K, Davis RW, Theologis A, Ecker JR: Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome. Science. 2003 Oct 31;302(5646):842-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1088305.
Pubmed: 14593172
Fujiki Y, Sato T, Ito M, Watanabe A: Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones for the e1beta and E2 subunits of the branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex in Arabidopsis. J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 25;275(8):6007-13. doi: 10.1074/jbc.275.8.6007.
Pubmed: 10681595
Kaneko T, Katoh T, Sato S, Nakamura A, Asamizu E, Tabata S: Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 3. II. Sequence features of the 4,251,695 bp regions covered by 90 P1, TAC and BAC clones. DNA Res. 2000 Jun 30;7(3):217-21. doi: 10.1093/dnares/7.3.217.
Pubmed: 10907853
Salanoubat M, Lemcke K, Rieger M, Ansorge W, Unseld M, Fartmann B, Valle G, Blocker H, Perez-Alonso M, Obermaier B, Delseny M, Boutry M, Grivell LA, Mache R, Puigdomenech P, De Simone V, Choisne N, Artiguenave F, Robert C, Brottier P, Wincker P, Cattolico L, Weissenbach J, Saurin W, Quetier F, Schafer M, Muller-Auer S, Gabel C, Fuchs M, Benes V, Wurmbach E, Drzonek H, Erfle H, Jordan N, Bangert S, Wiedelmann R, Kranz H, Voss H, Holland R, Brandt P, Nyakatura G, Vezzi A, D'Angelo M, Pallavicini A, Toppo S, Simionati B, Conrad A, Hornischer K, Kauer G, Lohnert TH, Nordsiek G, Reichelt J, Scharfe M, Schon O, Bargues M, Terol J, Climent J, Navarro P, Collado C, Perez-Perez A, Ottenwalder B, Duchemin D, Cooke R, Laudie M, Berger-Llauro C, Purnelle B, Masuy D, de Haan M, Maarse AC, Alcaraz JP, Cottet A, Casacuberta E, Monfort A, Argiriou A, flores M, Liguori R, Vitale D, Mannhaupt G, Haase D, Schoof H, Rudd S, Zaccaria P, Mewes HW, Mayer KF, Kaul S, Town CD, Koo HL, Tallon LJ, Jenkins J, Rooney T, Rizzo M, Walts A, Utterback T, Fujii CY, Shea TP, Creasy TH, Haas B, Maiti R, Wu D, Peterson J, Van Aken S, Pai G, Militscher J, Sellers P, Gill JE, Feldblyum TV, Preuss D, Lin X, Nierman WC, Salzberg SL, White O, Venter JC, Fraser CM, Kaneko T, Nakamura Y, Sato S, Kato T, Asamizu E, Sasamoto S, Kimura T, Idesawa K, Kawashima K, Kishida Y, Kiyokawa C, Kohara M, Matsumoto M, Matsuno A, Muraki A, Nakayama S, Nakazaki N, Shinpo S, Takeuchi C, Wada T, Watanabe A, Yamada M, Yasuda M, Tabata S: Sequence and analysis of chromosome 3 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Nature. 2000 Dec 14;408(6814):820-2. doi: 10.1038/35048706.
Pubmed: 11130713
Sato S, Nakamura Y, Kaneko T, Katoh T, Asamizu E, Tabata S: Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 3. I. Sequence features of the regions of 4,504,864 bp covered by sixty P1 and TAC clones. DNA Res. 2000 Apr 28;7(2):131-5. doi: 10.1093/dnares/7.2.131.
Pubmed: 10819329
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