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Pathway Description
CMP-3-Deoxy-D-Manno-Octulosonate (CMP-Kdo) Biosynthesis
Arabidopsis thaliana
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2017-02-24
Last Updated: 2023-10-25
CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate (CMP-Kdo) biosynthesis is a pathway that occurs in the cytosol by which D-ribulose 5-phosphate becomes CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate (CMP-Kdo). Kdo is a component in the plant cell wall, specifically of pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan II. First, arabinose-5-phosphate isomerase catalyzes the conversion of D-ribulose 5-phosphate to D-arabinose 5-phosphate. Second, D-arabinose 5-phosphate is spontaneously converted into D-arabinofuranose 5-phosphate. Third, 3-deoxy-8-phosphooctulonate synthase converts D-arabinofuranose 5-phosphate into 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate (KDO-8P). This enzme is a homotetramer. Fourth, the predicted enzyme 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonate-8-phosphatase (coloured orange in the image) is theorized to catalyze the conversion of 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate (KDO-8P) into 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonate (Kdo). The last reaction is localized to the mitochondria outer membrane whereby 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase (coloured dark green in the image) catalyzes the conversion of 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonate (Kdo) into CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate (CMP-Kdo). This enzyme requires a magnesium ion as a cofactor.
References
CMP-3-Deoxy-D-Manno-Octulosonate (CMP-Kdo) Biosynthesis References
Smyth KM, Marchant A: Conservation of the 2-keto-3-deoxymanno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) biosynthesis pathway between plants and bacteria. Carbohydr Res. 2013 Oct 18;380:70-5. doi: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.07.006. Epub 2013 Jul 20.
Pubmed: 23974348
Delmas F, Seveno M, Northey JG, Hernould M, Lerouge P, McCourt P, Chevalier C: The synthesis of the rhamnogalacturonan II component 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid (Kdo) is required for pollen tube growth and elongation. J Exp Bot. 2008;59(10):2639-47. doi: 10.1093/jxb/ern118. Epub 2008 May 23.
Pubmed: 18503041
Kobayashi M, Kouzu N, Inami A, Toyooka K, Konishi Y, Matsuoka K, Matoh T: Characterization of Arabidopsis CTP:3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase (CMP-KDO synthetase), the enzyme that activates KDO during rhamnogalacturonan II biosynthesis. Plant Cell Physiol. 2011 Oct;52(10):1832-43. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcr120. Epub 2011 Sep 4.
Pubmed: 21893514
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Pubmed: 11130713
Cheng CY, Krishnakumar V, Chan AP, Thibaud-Nissen F, Schobel S, Town CD: Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference genome. Plant J. 2017 Feb;89(4):789-804. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13415. Epub 2017 Feb 10.
Pubmed: 27862469
Kushwaha HR, Singh AK, Sopory SK, Singla-Pareek SL, Pareek A: Genome wide expression analysis of CBS domain containing proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh and Oryza sativa L. reveals their developmental and stress regulation. BMC Genomics. 2009 Apr 28;10:200. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-200.
Pubmed: 19400948
Matsuura K, Miyagawa I, Kobayashi M, Ohta D, Matoh T: Arabidopsis 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate-8-phosphate synthase: cDNA cloning and expression analyses. J Exp Bot. 2003 Jul;54(388):1785-7. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erg181. Epub 2003 May 13.
Pubmed: 12754267
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Pubmed: 11130712
Iida K, Fukami-Kobayashi K, Toyoda A, Sakaki Y, Kobayashi M, Seki M, Shinozaki K: Analysis of multiple occurrences of alternative splicing events in Arabidopsis thaliana using novel sequenced full-length cDNAs. DNA Res. 2009 Jun;16(3):155-64. doi: 10.1093/dnares/dsp009. Epub 2009 May 7.
Pubmed: 19423640
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