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Pathway Description
CXCR4 Signaling Pathway
Homo sapiens
Category:
Protein Pathway
Sub-Categories:
Cytokine Signaling
Immunological
Pathogen-Activated Signaling
Kinase Signaling
Gene Regulatory
Cellular Response
Created: 2018-07-30
Last Updated: 2019-08-16
CXCR4 is a chemokine G-protein-coupled receptor. Chemokine receptors couple to the pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi proteins. It is involved in organogenesis, hematopoiesis, and the immune response. Chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) binds CXCR4. CXCR4 is also a co-receptor for HIV and is involved in the metastasis of some cancers. Pertussis toxin ADP-ribosylates guanine nucleotide binding protein alpha inhibiting (Gai) proteins inhibiting GPCR/Gi coupling. Activated Gai inhibits adenylyl cyclase and activates tyrosine kinases, while activated guanine nucleotide binding protein beta and gamma activate PI3K - regulating gene transcription, cell migration, and cell adhesion. PLC is activated to cause the cleavage of PIP2 to IP3 and DG. This leads to the increase of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum and the activation of protein kinase C.
References
CXCR4 Signaling Pathway References
https://cgap.nci.nih.gov/Pathways/BioCarta/h_cxcr4Pathway
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