Loading Pathway...
Error: Pathway image not found.
Hide
Pathway Description
Ammonia Recycling
Bos taurus
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2018-08-10
Last Updated: 2019-08-16
Ammonia can be rerouted from the urine and recycled into the body for use in nitrogen metabolism. Glutamate and glutamine play an important role in this process. There are many other processes that act to recycle ammonia. asparaginase recycles ammonia from asparagine. Glycine cleavage system generates ammonia from glycine. Histidine ammonia lyase forms ammonia from histidine. Serine dehydratase also produces ammonia by cleaving serine.
References
Ammonia Recycling References
Zimin AV, Delcher AL, Florea L, Kelley DR, Schatz MC, Puiu D, Hanrahan F, Pertea G, Van Tassell CP, Sonstegard TS, Marcais G, Roberts M, Subramanian P, Yorke JA, Salzberg SL: A whole-genome assembly of the domestic cow, Bos taurus. Genome Biol. 2009;10(4):R42. doi: 10.1186/gb-2009-10-4-r42. Epub 2009 Apr 24.
Pubmed: 19393038
Kim DW, Eum WS, Jang SH, Yoon CS, Kim YH, Choi SH, Choi HS, Kim SY, Kwon HY, Kang JH, Kwon OS, Cho SW, Park J, Choi SY: Molecular gene cloning, expression, and characterization of bovine brain glutamate dehydrogenase. J Biochem Mol Biol. 2003 Nov 30;36(6):545-51.
Pubmed: 14659072
Moon K, Smith EL: Sequence of bovine liver glutamate dehydrogenase. 8. Peptides produced by specific chemical cleavages; the complete sequence of the protein. J Biol Chem. 1973 May 10;248(9):3082-8.
Pubmed: 4735572
Julliard JH, Smith EL: Partial amino acid sequence of the glutamate dehydrogenase of human liver and a revision of the sequence of the bovine enzyme. J Biol Chem. 1979 May 10;254(9):3427-38.
Pubmed: 429360
Okamura-Ikeda K, Fujiwara K, Yamamoto M, Hiraga K, Motokawa Y: Isolation and sequence determination of cDNA encoding T-protein of the glycine cleavage system. J Biol Chem. 1991 Mar 15;266(8):4917-21.
Pubmed: 2002038
Fujiwara K, Okamura-Ikeda K, Motokawa Y: cDNA sequence, in vitro synthesis, and intramitochondrial lipoylation of H-protein of the glycine cleavage system. J Biol Chem. 1990 Oct 15;265(29):17463-7.
Pubmed: 2211640
Waki N, Hiwatashi A, Ichikawa Y: Purification and biochemical characterization of hepatic ferredoxin (hepatoredoxin) from bovine liver mitochondria. FEBS Lett. 1986 Jan 20;195(1-2):87-91. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(86)80136-3.
Pubmed: 3080335
Driscoll WJ, Omdahl JL: Characterization and N-terminal amino acid sequence of multiple ferredoxins in kidney and adrenal mitochondria. Eur J Biochem. 1989 Oct 20;185(1):181-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb15100.x.
Pubmed: 2553401
This pathway was propagated using PathWhiz -
Pon, A. et al. Pathways with PathWhiz (2015) Nucleic Acids Res. 43(Web Server issue): W552–W559.
Propagated from SMP0000009
Highlighted elements will appear in red.
Highlight Compounds
Highlight Proteins
Enter relative concentration values (without units). Elements will be highlighted in a color gradient where red = lowest concentration and green = highest concentration. For the best results, view the pathway in Black and White.
Visualize Compound Data
Visualize Protein Data
Downloads
Settings