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Pathway Description
Phenylacetate Metabolism
Bos taurus
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2018-08-10
Last Updated: 2019-08-16
Phenylacetate (or phenylacetic acid) metabolism involves two steps. The first step is the conversion of phenylacetate into phenylacetyl-CoA which is catalyzed by acyl-coenzyme A synthetase ACSM1 or acyl-coenzyme A synthetase ACSM2B. Coenzyme A and ATP are also involved in this first step and AMP and pyrophosphate will be generated during the first step of metabolism. In the second step, phenylacetyl-CoA and L-glutamine interacts with glycine N-acyltransferase to generate coenzyme A as well as phenylacetylglutamine, of which the latter will be excreted in the urine. Phenylacetate metabolism provides a route that facilitates the excretion of nitrogen for patients with urea cycle defects; hence, it is important for clinical purposes.
References
Phenylacetate Metabolism References
Vessey DA, Lau E, Kelley M: Isolation and sequencing of cDNAs for the XL-I and XL-III forms of bovine liver xenobiotic-metabolizing medium-chain fatty acid:CoA ligase. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2000;14(1):11-9.
Pubmed: 10561077
Fujiwara K, Takeuchi S, Okamura-Ikeda K, Motokawa Y: Purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning of lipoate-activating enzyme from bovine liver. J Biol Chem. 2001 Aug 3;276(31):28819-23. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M101748200. Epub 2001 May 29.
Pubmed: 11382754
Kasuya F, Tatsuki T, Ohta M, Kawai Y, Igarashi K: Purification, characterization, and mass spectrometric sequencing of a medium chain acyl-CoA synthetase from mouse liver mitochondria and comparisons with the homologues of rat and bovine. Protein Expr Purif. 2006 Jun;47(2):405-14. doi: 10.1016/j.pep.2005.11.006. Epub 2005 Dec 5.
Pubmed: 16378734
Vessey DA, Lau E: Determination of the sequence of the aralkyl acyl-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase from bovine liver mitochondria. J Biochem Toxicol. 1996;11(5):211-5. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1522-7146(1996)11:5<211::AID-JBT1>3.0.CO;2-N.
Pubmed: 9110242
Kelley M, Vessey DA: Structural comparison between the mitochondrial aralkyl-CoA and arylacetyl-CoA N-acyltransferases. Biochem J. 1992 Nov 15;288 ( Pt 1):315-7. doi: 10.1042/bj2880315.
Pubmed: 1445276
Nandi DL, Lucas SV, Webster LT Jr: Benzoyl-coenzyme A:glycine N-acyltransferase and phenylacetyl-coenzyme A:glycine N-acyltransferase from bovine liver mitochondria. Purification and characterization. J Biol Chem. 1979 Aug 10;254(15):7230-7.
Pubmed: 457678
This pathway was propagated using PathWhiz -
Pon, A. et al. Pathways with PathWhiz (2015) Nucleic Acids Res. 43(Web Server issue): W552–W559.
Propagated from SMP0000126
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