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Pathway Description
Vitamin B6 Metabolism
Rattus norvegicus
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2018-08-10
Last Updated: 2019-08-30
As is commonly known there are many vitamins, the vitamin B complex group being one of the most well known. An important vitamin B complex group vitamin is vitamin B6, which is water-soluble. Moreover, this vitamin comes in various forms, one of which is an active form, known by the name pyridoxal phosphate or PLP. PLP serves as cofactor in a variety of reactions including from amino acid metabolism, (in particular in reactions such as transamination, deamination, and decarboxylation). To complicate matters however, there are in fact seven alternate forms of this same vitamin. These include pyridoxine (PN), pyridoxine 5’-phosphate (PNP), pyridoxal (PL), pyridoxamine (PM), pyridoxamine 5’-phosphate (PMP), 4-pyridoxic acid (PA), and the aforementioned pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP). One of these forms, PA, is in fact a catabolite whose presence is found in excreted urine. For a person to absorb some of these active forms of vitamin B6 such as PLP or PMP they must first be dephosphorylized. This done via an alkaline enzyme phosphatase.
There are a wide variety of biproducts from the metabolism in question, most of which find there ways into the urine and from there are excreted. One such biproduct is 4-pyridoxic acid. In fact this last biproduct is found in such large quantities that estimates of vitamin B6 metabolism birproducts show that 4-pyridoxic acid is as much as 40-60% of all the biproducts.Of course, it is not the only product of metabolism. Others include,include pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, and pyridoxine.
References
Vitamin B6 Metabolism References
Thiede MA, Yoon K, Golub EE, Noda M, Rodan GA: Structure and expression of rat osteosarcoma (ROS 17/2.8) alkaline phosphatase: product of a single copy gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(2):319-23. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.2.319.
Pubmed: 3422431
Misumi Y, Tashiro K, Hattori M, Sakaki Y, Ikehara Y: Primary structure of rat liver alkaline phosphatase deduced from its cDNA. Biochem J. 1988 Feb 1;249(3):661-8. doi: 10.1042/bj2490661.
Pubmed: 2895632
Toh Y, Yamamoto M, Endo H, Misumi Y, Ikehara Y: Isolation and characterization of a rat liver alkaline phosphatase gene. A single gene with two promoters. Eur J Biochem. 1989 Jun 15;182(2):231-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14822.x.
Pubmed: 2544423
Ngo EO, LePage GR, Thanassi JW, Meisler N, Nutter LM: Absence of pyridoxine-5'-phosphate oxidase (PNPO) activity in neoplastic cells: isolation, characterization, and expression of PNPO cDNA. Biochemistry. 1998 May 26;37(21):7741-8. doi: 10.1021/bi972983r.
Pubmed: 9601034
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Pubmed: 15489334
Lundby A, Secher A, Lage K, Nordsborg NB, Dmytriyev A, Lundby C, Olsen JV: Quantitative maps of protein phosphorylation sites across 14 different rat organs and tissues. Nat Commun. 2012 Jun 6;3:876. doi: 10.1038/ncomms1871.
Pubmed: 22673903
Wright RM, Clayton DA, Riley MG, McManaman JL, Repine JE: cDNA cloning, sequencing, and characterization of male and female rat liver aldehyde oxidase (rAOX1). Differences in redox status may distinguish male and female forms of hepatic APX. J Biol Chem. 1999 Feb 5;274(6):3878-86. doi: 10.1074/jbc.274.6.3878.
Pubmed: 9920943
Rashidi MR, Smith JA, Clarke SE, Beedham C: In vitro oxidation of famciclovir and 6-deoxypenciclovir by aldehyde oxidase from human, guinea pig, rabbit, and rat liver. Drug Metab Dispos. 1997 Jul;25(7):805-13.
Pubmed: 9224775
Kundu TK, Hille R, Velayutham M, Zweier JL: Characterization of superoxide production from aldehyde oxidase: an important source of oxidants in biological tissues. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2007 Apr 1;460(1):113-21. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2006.12.032. Epub 2007 Jan 23.
Pubmed: 17353002
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Pubmed: 15057822
This pathway was propagated using PathWhiz -
Pon, A. et al. Pathways with PathWhiz (2015) Nucleic Acids Res. 43(Web Server issue): W552–W559.
Propagated from SMP0000017
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