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Pathway Description
Pterine Biosynthesis
Drosophila melanogaster
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2018-08-10
Last Updated: 2019-09-15
Folates are very important cofactors that provide support for many biosynthetic reactions. The reactions depicted in this pathway include reactions that are paired with transports, within the cell, travelling intracellularly, which allows folate to be absorbed by cells, as well as the synthesis of pterines, which are used in folate synthesis. Two branches are depicted: Pterin synthesis and Folate biosynthesis. In pterin synthesis, GTP is the precursor for pterin biosynthesis. In the first reaction, GTP cyclohydrolase acts to create formamidopyrimidine nucleoside triphosphate from guanosine triphosphate, which is provided from the purine metabolism pathway. Formamidopyrimidine nucleoside triphosphate then uses GTP cyclohydrolase again to create 2,5-diaminopyrimidine nucleoside triphosphate. GTP cyclohydrolase then works with 2,5-diaminopyrimidine nucleoside triphosphate to produce 2,3-diamino-6-(5’-triphosphoryl-3’,4’-trihydroxy-2’-oxopentyl)-amino-4-oxopyrimidine, which is then converted by GTP cyclohydrolase to dihydroneopterin triphosphate. Dihydroneopterin is then transported to the mitochondria and subsequently catalyzed into dyspropterin, which then exits the mitochondria to continue pterin biosynthesis. Once having been transported from the mitochondria, dyspropterin uses sepiapterin reductase, aldose reductase and carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1 to create 6-lactoyltetrahydropterin. This compound then undergoes 2 reactions, the first being sepiapterin reductase converting 6-lactoyltetrahydropterin into tetrahydrobiopterin, the second being 6-lactoyltetrahydropterin being converted to sepiapterin. Both branches of pterin reactions then respectively end in the creation of neopterin and dihydrobiopterin.
References
Pterine Biosynthesis References
McLean JR, Krishnakumar S, O'Donnell JM: Multiple mRNAs from the Punch locus of Drosophila melanogaster encode isoforms of GTP cyclohydrolase I with distinct N-terminal domains. J Biol Chem. 1993 Dec 25;268(36):27191-7.
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Pubmed: 10731132
Weisberg EP, O'Donnell JM: Purification and characterization of GTP cyclohydrolase I from Drosophila melanogaster. J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 25;261(3):1453-8.
Pubmed: 3080426
Kim N, Kim J, Park D, Rosen C, Dorsett D, Yim J: Structure and expression of wild-type and suppressible alleles of the Drosophila purple gene. Genetics. 1996 Apr;142(4):1157-68.
Pubmed: 8846895
Zhai B, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Mintseris J, Gygi SP: Phosphoproteome analysis of Drosophila melanogaster embryos. J Proteome Res. 2008 Apr;7(4):1675-82. doi: 10.1021/pr700696a. Epub 2008 Mar 8.
Pubmed: 18327897
Baines JF, Sawyer SA, Hartl DL, Parsch J: Effects of X-linkage and sex-biased gene expression on the rate of adaptive protein evolution in Drosophila. Mol Biol Evol. 2008 Aug;25(8):1639-50. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msn111. Epub 2008 May 13.
Pubmed: 18477586
Celniker SE, Wheeler DA, Kronmiller B, Carlson JW, Halpern A, Patel S, Adams M, Champe M, Dugan SP, Frise E, Hodgson A, George RA, Hoskins RA, Laverty T, Muzny DM, Nelson CR, Pacleb JM, Park S, Pfeiffer BD, Richards S, Sodergren EJ, Svirskas R, Tabor PE, Wan K, Stapleton M, Sutton GG, Venter C, Weinstock G, Scherer SE, Myers EW, Gibbs RA, Rubin GM: Finishing a whole-genome shotgun: release 3 of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome sequence. Genome Biol. 2002;3(12):RESEARCH0079. doi: 10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0079. Epub 2002 Dec 23.
Pubmed: 12537568
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Pubmed: 12537572
This pathway was propagated using PathWhiz -
Pon, A. et al. Pathways with PathWhiz (2015) Nucleic Acids Res. 43(Web Server issue): W552–W559.
Propagated from SMP0000005
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