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Pathway Description
Corticosterone Methyl Oxidase II Deficiency (CMO II)
Rattus norvegicus
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Disease
Created: 2018-09-10
Last Updated: 2019-09-15
Corticosterone methyloxidase type II (CMO-II) deficiency, also called 18-oxidase defiency or aldosterone deficiency II among other names, is a genetic disorder that is autosomally linked. It is caused by a mutation in the cytochrome P450 11B2 gene, whose protein product is responsible for the formation of aldosterone from 18-hydroxycorticosterone (18-OHB), as well as converting progesterone to 11b-hydroxyprogesterone. The conversion of 18-OHB to aldosterone is the only reaction that uses 18-OHB, and due to the enzyme not being entirely functional, it builds up in the cell, while aldosterone levels will be lowered. However, since progesterone and 11b-hydroxyprogesterone are both produced and used by other reactions, their levels in the cell are not changed as drastically. Compared to the CMO-I deficiency, the CMO-II deficiency has less severe mutations in the gene, which cause it to have less severe changes in aldosterone and 18-OHB concentrations.
The CMO-II deficiency, and its resulting aldosterone deficiency can cause a salt-wasting phenotype in children, due to aldosterone being responsible for the resorption of sodium in the body, as well as secretion of potassium. With levels of aldosterone being lower due to this deficiency, excess sodium is excreted in the urine, and higher than average levels of potassium in the serum. Aside salt-wasting and potential failure to thrive as an infant due to this, there are no symptoms, such as genital abnormalities, that are seen in similar salt-wasting disorders like CYP21 deficiency.
References
Corticosterone Methyl Oxidase II Deficiency (CMO II) References
Portrat-Doyen S, Tourniaire J, Richard O, Mulatero P, Aupetit-Faisant B, Curnow KM, Pascoe L, Morel Y: Isolated aldosterone synthase deficiency caused by simultaneous E198D and V386A mutations in the CYP11B2 gene. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 Nov;83(11):4156-61. doi: 10.1210/jcem.83.11.5258.
Pubmed: 9814506
Picco P, Garibaldi L, Cotellessa M, DiRocco M, Borrone C: Corticosterone methyl oxidase type II deficiency: a cause of failure to thrive and recurrent dehydration in early infancy. Eur J Pediatr. 1992 Mar;151(3):170-3.
Pubmed: 1601005
Steroidogenesis References
Pawlowski JE, Huizinga M, Penning TM: Cloning and sequencing of the cDNA for rat liver 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem. 1991 May 15;266(14):8820-5.
Pubmed: 1840601
Stolz A, Rahimi-Kiani M, Ameis D, Chan E, Ronk M, Shively JE: Molecular structure of rat hepatic 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. A member of the oxidoreductase gene family. J Biol Chem. 1991 Aug 15;266(23):15253-7.
Pubmed: 1714456
Cheng KC, White PC, Qin KN: Molecular cloning and expression of rat liver 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Mol Endocrinol. 1991 Jun;5(6):823-8. doi: 10.1210/mend-5-6-823.
Pubmed: 1922097
Onishi Y, Noshiro M, Shimosato T, Okuda K: Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA encoding delta 4-3-ketosteroid 5 beta-reductase of rat liver. FEBS Lett. 1991 Jun 3;283(2):215-8. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(91)80591-p.
Pubmed: 1710579
Onishi Y, Noshiro M, Shimosato T, Okuda K: delta 4-3-Oxosteroid 5 beta-reductase. Structure and function. Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler. 1991 Dec;372(12):1039-49.
Pubmed: 1789929
Zhu Y, Fillenwarth MJ, Crabb D, Lumeng L, Lin RC: Identification of the 37-kd rat liver protein that forms an acetaldehyde adduct in vivo as delta 4-3-ketosteroid 5 beta-reductase. Hepatology. 1996 Jan;23(1):115-22. doi: 10.1002/hep.510230116.
Pubmed: 8550030
Matsukawa N, Nonaka Y, Ying Z, Higaki J, Ogihara T, Okamoto M: Molecular cloning and expression of cDNAS encoding rat aldosterone synthase: variants of cytochrome P-450(11 beta). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 May 31;169(1):245-52. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(90)91460-a.
Pubmed: 2350348
Okamoto M, Nonaka Y: Molecular biology of rat steroid 11 beta-hydroxylase [P450(11 beta)] and aldosterone synthase [P450(11 beta, aldo)]. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1992 Mar;41(3-8):415-9. doi: 10.1016/0960-0760(92)90367-r.
Pubmed: 1562515
Imai M, Shimada H, Okada Y, Matsushima-Hibiya Y, Ogishima T, Ishimura Y: Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding aldosterone synthase cytochrome P-450 in rat adrenal cortex. FEBS Lett. 1990 Apr 24;263(2):299-302. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(90)81398-8.
Pubmed: 2129527
Agarwal AK, Monder C, Eckstein B, White PC: Cloning and expression of rat cDNA encoding corticosteroid 11 beta-dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem. 1989 Nov 15;264(32):18939-43.
Pubmed: 2808402
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Pubmed: 15489334
Moisan MP, Edwards CR, Seckl JR: Differential promoter usage by the rat 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene. Mol Endocrinol. 1992 Jul;6(7):1082-7. doi: 10.1210/mend.6.7.1508221.
Pubmed: 1508221
Zhou MY, del Carmen Vila M, Gomez-Sanchez EP, Gomez-Sanchez CE: Cloning of two alternatively spliced 21-hydroxylase CDNAs from rat adrenal. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1997 Jul;62(4):277-86.
Pubmed: 9408081
Fevold HR, Lorence MC, McCarthy JL, Trant JM, Kagimoto M, Waterman MR, Mason JI: Rat P450(17 alpha) from testis: characterization of a full-length cDNA encoding a unique steroid hydroxylase capable of catalyzing both delta 4- and delta 5-steroid-17,20-lyase reactions. Mol Endocrinol. 1989 Jun;3(6):968-75. doi: 10.1210/mend-3-6-968.
Pubmed: 2786990
Namiki M, Kitamura M, Buczko E, Dufau ML: Rat testis P-450(17)alpha cDNA: the deduced amino acid sequence, expression and secondary structural configuration. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Dec 15;157(2):705-12. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(88)80307-3.
Pubmed: 3264499
Givens CR, Zhang P, Bair SR, Mellon SH: Transcriptional regulation of rat cytochrome P450c17 expression in mouse Leydig MA-10 and adrenal Y-1 cells: identification of a single protein that mediates both basal and cAMP-induced activities. DNA Cell Biol. 1994 Nov;13(11):1087-98. doi: 10.1089/dna.1994.13.1087.
Pubmed: 7702752
This pathway was propagated using PathWhiz -
Pon, A. et al. Pathways with PathWhiz (2015) Nucleic Acids Res. 43(Web Server issue): W552–W559.
Propagated from SMP0000578
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