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Pathway Description
Irinotecan Metabolism
Homo sapiens
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2019-03-01
Last Updated: 2023-10-25
Irinotecan, branded as Camptosar, Campto, Onivyde and others, is a cancer medication used to treat colon and small cell lung cancers, alone or with other drugs.
Irinotecan can be processed by the cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme, producing both the side product glutaral, as well as a compound called NPC. the NPC can then be catalyzed by liver carboxylesterase 1 to form 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin, or SN-38. Alternatively, irinotecan can directly form SN-38 via catalysis by liver carboxylesterase 1.
After its formation, SN-38 is converted to SN-38 glucuronide by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B11. This can then be converted back to SN-38 in the lysosome by beta-glucuronidase, or can be excreted as the end product of the pathway.
References
Irinotecan Metabolism References
Mathijssen RH, van Alphen RJ, Verweij J, Loos WJ, Nooter K, Stoter G, Sparreboom A: Clinical pharmacokinetics and metabolism of irinotecan (CPT-11). Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Aug;7(8):2182-94.
Pubmed: 11489791
Munger JS, Shi GP, Mark EA, Chin DT, Gerard C, Chapman HA: A serine esterase released by human alveolar macrophages is closely related to liver microsomal carboxylesterases. J Biol Chem. 1991 Oct 5;266(28):18832-8.
Pubmed: 1918003
Kroetz DL, McBride OW, Gonzalez FJ: Glycosylation-dependent activity of baculovirus-expressed human liver carboxylesterases: cDNA cloning and characterization of two highly similar enzyme forms. Biochemistry. 1993 Nov 2;32(43):11606-17. doi: 10.1021/bi00094a018.
Pubmed: 8218228
Shibata F, Takagi Y, Kitajima M, Kuroda T, Omura T: Molecular cloning and characterization of a human carboxylesterase gene. Genomics. 1993 Jul;17(1):76-82. doi: 10.1006/geno.1993.1285.
Pubmed: 8406473
Hsieh KP, Lin YY, Cheng CL, Lai ML, Lin MS, Siest JP, Huang JD: Novel mutations of CYP3A4 in Chinese. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Mar;29(3):268-73.
Pubmed: 11181494
Molowa DT, Schuetz EG, Wrighton SA, Watkins PB, Kremers P, Mendez-Picon G, Parker GA, Guzelian PS: Complete cDNA sequence of a cytochrome P-450 inducible by glucocorticoids in human liver. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(14):5311-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.14.5311.
Pubmed: 3460094
Gonzalez FJ, Schmid BJ, Umeno M, Mcbride OW, Hardwick JP, Meyer UA, Gelboin HV, Idle JR: Human P450PCN1: sequence, chromosome localization, and direct evidence through cDNA expression that P450PCN1 is nifedipine oxidase. DNA. 1988 Mar;7(2):79-86. doi: 10.1089/dna.1988.7.79.
Pubmed: 3267210
Beaulieu M, Levesque E, Hum DW, Belanger A: Isolation and characterization of a human orphan UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, UGT2B11. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Jul 9;248(1):44-50. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8908.
Pubmed: 9675083
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. doi: 10.1101/gr.2596504.
Pubmed: 15489334
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