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Pathway Description
Phosphatidylethanolamine Biosynthesis PE(22:4(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/14:1(9Z))
Bos taurus
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2023-10-16
Last Updated: 2023-10-18
Phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) are a class of phospholipids that incorporate a phosphoric acid headgroup into a diacylglycerol backbone. They are the second most abundant phospholipid in eukaryotic cell membranes, and contrary to phosphatidylcholine, it is concentrated with phosphatidylserine in the cell membrane's inner leaflet. In Homo sapiens, there exist two phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis pathways. In the visualization, all enzymes that are dark green in colour are membrane-localized. The first pathway synthesizes phosphatidylethanolamine from ethanolamine via the Kennedy pathway. First, the cytosol-localized enzyme choline/ethanolamine kinase catalyzes the conversion of choline into phosphocholine. Second, choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase, localized to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, catalyzes the conversion of phosphocholine to CDP-choline. Last, choline/ethanolaminephosphotransferase catalyzes phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis from CDP-choline. It requires either magnesium or manganese ions as cofactors. Phosphatidylethanolamine is also synthesized from phosphatidylserine at the mitochondrial inner membrane by phosphatidylserine decarboxylase. Phosphatidylserine, itself, is synthesized using a base-exchange reaction with phosphatidylcholine. This reaction is catalyzed by phosphatidylserine synthase which is located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
References
Phosphatidylethanolamine Biosynthesis PE(22:4(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/14:1(9Z)) References
Zimin AV, Delcher AL, Florea L, Kelley DR, Schatz MC, Puiu D, Hanrahan F, Pertea G, Van Tassell CP, Sonstegard TS, Marcais G, Roberts M, Subramanian P, Yorke JA, Salzberg SL: A whole-genome assembly of the domestic cow, Bos taurus. Genome Biol. 2009;10(4):R42. doi: 10.1186/gb-2009-10-4-r42. Epub 2009 Apr 24.
Pubmed: 19393038
Harhay GP, Sonstegard TS, Keele JW, Heaton MP, Clawson ML, Snelling WM, Wiedmann RT, Van Tassell CP, Smith TP: Characterization of 954 bovine full-CDS cDNA sequences. BMC Genomics. 2005 Nov 23;6:166. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-6-166.
Pubmed: 16305752
Percy AK, Moore JF, Carson MA, Waechter CJ: Characterization of brain phosphatidylserine decarboxylase: localization in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1983 Jun;223(2):484-94. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(83)90613-6.
Pubmed: 6859873
This pathway was propagated using PathWhiz -
Pon, A. et al. Pathways with PathWhiz (2015) Nucleic Acids Res. 43(Web Server issue): W552–W559.
Propagated from SMP0015723
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