Loading Pathway...
Error: Pathway image not found.
Hide
Pathway Description
Olfactory Transduction OR1E3
Homo sapiens
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Physiological
Created: 2025-08-06
Last Updated: 2025-10-07
Olfaction is the chemosensory process that allows the detection of airborne, volatile compounds at very low concentrations. The OR1E3 (Olfactory Receptor 1E3) gene encodes a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that plays a role in the initial molecular recognition of odorant molecules. OR1E3 is expressed on the cilia of olfactory sensory neurons in the olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity.
When odorant molecules enter the nasal cavity and dissolve in the mucus layer, certain ligands selectively bind to the OR1E3 receptor. This ligand–receptor interaction activates the olfactory G-protein (Golf), which stimulates adenylate cyclase to produce cyclic AMP (cAMP). The rise in intracellular cAMP opens cyclic nucleotide–gated ion channels, allowing sodium (Na⁺) and calcium (Ca²⁺) ions to flow into the neuron. The resulting depolarization of the cell membrane initiates an action potential if the threshold is reached.
This action potential travels along the olfactory nerve to the olfactory bulb, where it is processed and relayed to higher brain centers, including the olfactory cortex, for odor perception.
The OR1E3 receptor has been shown to respond to floral and fruity odorants, particularly citronellol and related alcohols with rose-like or citrus notes. This receptor’s tuning to these odorants suggests its involvement in detecting pleasant, fresh scents within the human olfactory spectrum. Additionally, variations in the OR1E3 gene among individuals may influence odor sensitivity and perception of these specific compounds.
References
Olfactory Transduction OR1E3 References
Wang J, Zhang Q, Fan W, Shi Q, Mao J, Xie J, Chai G, Zhang C: Deciphering olfactory receptor binding mechanisms: a structural and dynamic perspective on olfactory receptors. Front Mol Biosci. 2025 Jan 8;11:1498796. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1498796. eCollection 2024.
Pubmed: 39845900
Ronnett GV, Moon C: G proteins and olfactory signal transduction. Annu Rev Physiol. 2002;64:189-222. doi: 10.1146/annurev.physiol.64.082701.102219.
Pubmed: 11826268
Ache BW, Young JM: Olfaction: diverse species, conserved principles. Neuron. 2005 Nov 3;48(3):417-30. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.10.022.
Pubmed: 16269360
Reisert J, Pifferi S, Guarneri G, Ricci C, Menini A, Dibattista M: The Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channel TMEM16B shapes the response time course of olfactory sensory neurons. J Physiol. 2024 Oct;602(19):4889-4905. doi: 10.1113/JP286959. Epub 2024 Aug 21.
Pubmed: 39167717
Moon, C., Yoo, S. J., & Han, H. S. (2014). Smell. In Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences (2nd ed., pp. 216–220). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-385157-4.00072-5
Petrovski S, Kury S, Myers CT, Anyane-Yeboa K, Cogne B, Bialer M, Xia F, Hemati P, Riviello J, Mehaffey M, Besnard T, Becraft E, Wadley A, Politi AR, Colombo S, Zhu X, Ren Z, Andrews I, Dudding-Byth T, Schneider AL, Wallace G, Rosen ABI, Schelley S, Enns GM, Corre P, Dalton J, Mercier S, Latypova X, Schmitt S, Guzman E, Moore C, Bier L, Heinzen EL, Karachunski P, Shur N, Grebe T, Basinger A, Nguyen JM, Bezieau S, Wierenga K, Bernstein JA, Scheffer IE, Rosenfeld JA, Mefford HC, Isidor B, Goldstein DB: Germline De Novo Mutations in GNB1 Cause Severe Neurodevelopmental Disability, Hypotonia, and Seizures. Am J Hum Genet. 2016 May 5;98(5):1001-1010. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.03.011. Epub 2016 Apr 21.
Pubmed: 27108799
Codina J, Stengel D, Woo SL, Birnbaumer L: Beta-subunits of the human liver Gs/Gi signal-transducing proteins and those of bovine retinal rod cell transducin are identical. FEBS Lett. 1986 Oct 27;207(2):187-92. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(86)81486-7.
Pubmed: 3095147
Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. doi: 10.1038/nature04727.
Pubmed: 16710414
Modarressi MH, Taylor KE, Wolfe J: Cloning, characterization, and mapping of the gene encoding the human G protein gamma 2 subunit. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Jun 7;272(2):610-5. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.2832.
Pubmed: 10833460
Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-399.
Pubmed: 17974005
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. doi: 10.1101/gr.2596504.
Pubmed: 15489334
Fuchs T, Saunders-Pullman R, Masuho I, Luciano MS, Raymond D, Factor S, Lang AE, Liang TW, Trosch RM, White S, Ainehsazan E, Herve D, Sharma N, Ehrlich ME, Martemyanov KA, Bressman SB, Ozelius LJ: Mutations in GNAL cause primary torsion dystonia. Nat Genet. 2013 Jan;45(1):88-92. doi: 10.1038/ng.2496. Epub 2012 Dec 9.
Pubmed: 23222958
Zigman JM, Westermark GT, LaMendola J, Boel E, Steiner DF: Human G(olf) alpha: complementary deoxyribonucleic acid structure and expression in pancreatic islets and other tissues outside the olfactory neuroepithelium and central nervous system. Endocrinology. 1993 Dec;133(6):2508-14. doi: 10.1210/endo.133.6.8243272.
Pubmed: 8243272
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. doi: 10.1038/ng1285. Epub 2003 Dec 21.
Pubmed: 14702039
Grarup N, Moltke I, Andersen MK, Dalby M, Vitting-Seerup K, Kern T, Mahendran Y, Jorsboe E, Larsen CVL, Dahl-Petersen IK, Gilly A, Suveges D, Dedoussis G, Zeggini E, Pedersen O, Andersson R, Bjerregaard P, Jorgensen ME, Albrechtsen A, Hansen T: Loss-of-function variants in ADCY3 increase risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Nat Genet. 2018 Feb;50(2):172-174. doi: 10.1038/s41588-017-0022-7. Epub 2018 Jan 8.
Pubmed: 29311636
Yang B, He B, Abdel-Halim SM, Tibell A, Brendel MD, Bretzel RG, Efendic S, Hillert J: Molecular cloning of a full-length cDNA for human type 3 adenylyl cyclase and its expression in human islets. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Jan 27;254(3):548-51. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9983.
Pubmed: 9920776
Bareil C, Hamel CP, Delague V, Arnaud B, Demaille J, Claustres M: Segregation of a mutation in CNGB1 encoding the beta-subunit of the rod cGMP-gated channel in a family with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa. Hum Genet. 2001 Apr;108(4):328-34. doi: 10.1007/s004390100496.
Pubmed: 11379879
Chen TY, Peng YW, Dhallan RS, Ahamed B, Reed RR, Yau KW: A new subunit of the cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel in retinal rods. Nature. 1993 Apr 22;362(6422):764-7. doi: 10.1038/362764a0.
Pubmed: 7682292
Ardell MD, Makhija AK, Oliveira L, Miniou P, Viegas-Pequignot E, Pittler SJ: cDNA, gene structure, and chromosomal localization of human GAR1 (CNCG3L), a homolog of the third subunit of bovine photoreceptor cGMP-gated channel. Genomics. 1995 Jul 1;28(1):32-8. doi: 10.1006/geno.1995.1102.
Pubmed: 7590744
Highlighted elements will appear in red.
Highlight Compounds
Highlight Proteins
Enter relative concentration values (without units). Elements will be highlighted in a color gradient where red = lowest concentration and green = highest concentration. For the best results, view the pathway in Black and White.
Visualize Compound Data
Visualize Protein Data
Settings