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Pathway Description
LysoPE(18:1(9Z)/0:0) Biosynthesis
Escherichia coli (strain K12)
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2025-09-15
Last Updated: 2025-09-15
Lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) serves as both an intermediate and a product of membrane lipid remodeling in bacteria, reflecting a dynamic interplay of biosynthetic and hydrolytic pathways. The synthesis of LysoPE begins with the generation of glycerol-3-phosphate from dihydroxyacetone phosphate through the action of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, providing the foundational glycerol backbone. This backbone is sequentially acylated by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase and 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase, forming lysophosphatidic acids (LysoPA) and then phosphatidic acids (PA) that carry two fatty acyl chains, typically a hydroxylated medium-chain fatty acid at sn-1 and an unsaturated long-chain fatty acid at sn-2. PA is then converted into CDP-diacylglycerol, serving as a branching point for the synthesis of various phospholipids. Through phosphatidylserine synthase and phosphatidylserine decarboxylase, phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) are formed, incorporating diverse acyl chains that reflect the bacterial species and growth conditions. LysoPEs are subsequently produced from PEs through the hydrolytic activity of phospholipases, particularly phospholipase A1, which selectively removes the sn-1 acyl chain to generate a monoacylated LysoPE. Further hydrolysis by lysophospholipase L2 releases the remaining sn-2 fatty acid, yielding the deacylated glycerophosphorylethanolamine backbone. This backbone can be further broken down to ethanolamine and glycerol-3-phosphate by periplasmic glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterases, feeding into central metabolism or serving as substrates for new phospholipid biosynthesis. Across bacterial taxa, LysoPEs thus represent both a transient intermediate in membrane lipid turnover and a signaling or regulatory molecule, with their acyl composition reflecting environmental conditions, enzymatic specificity, and the dynamic remodeling of bacterial membranes.
References
LysoPE(18:1(9Z)/0:0) Biosynthesis References
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Zheng L, Lin Y, Lu S, Zhang J, Bogdanov M: Biogenesis, transport and remodeling of lysophospholipids in Gram-negative bacteria. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2017 Nov;1862(11):1404-1413. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.11.015. Epub 2016 Dec 9.
Pubmed: 27956138
St Germain, M., Iraji, R. and Bakovic, M., 2023. Phosphatidylethanolamine homeostasis under conditions of impaired CDP-ethanolamine pathway or phosphatidylserine decarboxylation. Frontiers in nutrition, 9, p.1094273.
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Pubmed: 9205837
This pathway was propagated using PathWhiz -
Pon, A. et al. Pathways with PathWhiz (2015) Nucleic Acids Res. 43(Web Server issue): W552–W559.
Propagated from SMP0641314
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