Browsing Pathways

Nitrogen assimilation in plants via glutamine synthetase

Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis involves the synthesis of glycosphingolipids and occurs in the Golgi apparatus.The ganglio series is involved in the synthesis of gangliosides, which are glycosphingolipids containing a sialic acid in the sugar chain. These sialic acids are added by various sialyltransferases at certain points in the pathway. Ganglioside biosynthesis begins wtih lactosylceramide from sphingolipid metabolism. Lactosylceramide may react to form a GA2, then a GA1. A sialyltransferase can convert this to a GM1b, which can then form a GD1c or a GD1a. Lactosylceramide alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase may convert lactosylceramide to a GM3, which can form a GM2, then a GM1. The GM2 and GM1 are can be transported to the lysosome to be broken down back into a GM3. The GM1 can form a GD1a, which can continue to form a GT1a or a GT1aalpha. Alpha-N-acetylneuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase may convert the GM3 to a GD3, which can form a GD2, then a GD1b. The GD1b can form a GT1b, which can continue to form a GQ1 or a GQ1balpha. A sialyltransferase may convert the GD3 to a GT3, which can form a GT2, then a GT1c.

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glucose uptake