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Pathway Description
Intracellular Signalling Through LHCGR Receptor and Luteinizing Hormone/Choriogonadotropin
Homo sapiens
Category:
Protein Pathway
Sub-Categories:
Protein/Peptide Hormone-Mediated
Kinase Signaling
Gene Regulatory
Developmental Signaling
Cellular Response
Protein/Peptide Hormone-Mediated
Created: 2013-08-22
Last Updated: 2023-01-19
The luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) is a transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor located most prominently in the ovary and testis but also found in organs such as the uterus, breasts, prostate, and seminal vesicles. As its name suggests, the receptor is activated by both luteinizing hormone (LH) and chorionic gonadotropins (e.g. hCG) and plays an important role in the regulation of reproduction. In the ovaries, activation of LHCGR by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) leads to follicular maturation and ovulation. In the testis, LHCGR activation is essential for testosterone production and spermatogenesis. The LHCGR receptor activates G(s) proteins which leads to the activation of adenylyl cyclase and produces the secondary messenger cAMP. cAMP then activates protein kinase A (PKA) which phosphorylates downstream effectors that lead to a specific cellular response. Specifically, LHCGR upregulates the mitochondrial enzyme P450scc (cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme) which increases the production of steroid hormones such as testosterone and estrogen.
References
Intracellular Signalling Through LHCGR Receptor and Luteinizing Hormone/Choriogonadotropin References
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Talmadge K, Vamvakopoulos NC, Fiddes JC: Evolution of the genes for the beta subunits of human chorionic gonadotropin and luteinizing hormone. Nature. 1984 Jan 5-11;307(5946):37-40. doi: 10.1038/307037a0.
Pubmed: 6690982
Sairam MR, Li CH: Human pituitary lutropin. Isolation, properties, and the complete amino acid sequence of the beta-subunit. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1975 Nov 18;412(1):70-81.
Pubmed: 1191677
Shome B, Parlow AF: The primary structure of the hormone-specific, beta subunit of human pituitary luteinizing hormone (hLH). J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1973 Mar;36(3):618-21. doi: 10.1210/jcem-36-3-618.
Pubmed: 4685398
Minegishi T, Nakamura K, Takakura Y, Miyamoto K, Hasegawa Y, Ibuki Y, Igarashi M, Minegish T [corrected to Minegishi T]: Cloning and sequencing of human LH/hCG receptor cDNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Nov 15;172(3):1049-54. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(90)91552-4.
Pubmed: 2244890
Jia XC, Oikawa M, Bo M, Tanaka T, Ny T, Boime I, Hsueh AJ: Expression of human luteinizing hormone (LH) receptor: interaction with LH and chorionic gonadotropin from human but not equine, rat, and ovine species. Mol Endocrinol. 1991 Jun;5(6):759-68. doi: 10.1210/mend-5-6-759.
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Frazier AL, Robbins LS, Stork PJ, Sprengel R, Segaloff DL, Cone RD: Isolation of TSH and LH/CG receptor cDNAs from human thyroid: regulation by tissue specific splicing. Mol Endocrinol. 1990 Aug;4(8):1264-76. doi: 10.1210/mend-4-8-1264.
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Pubmed: 10819326
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Cook LA, Schey KL, Cleator JH, Wilcox MD, Dingus J, Hildebrandt JD: Identification of a region in G protein gamma subunits conserved across species but hypervariable among subunit isoforms. Protein Sci. 2001 Dec;10(12):2548-55. doi: 10.1110/ps.ps.26401.
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Pubmed: 27108799
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Pubmed: 3095147
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Pubmed: 16710414
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