
Loading Pathway...
Error: Pathway image not found.
Hide
Pathway Description
Tetrahydrofolate Biosynthesis
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Metabolic
Created: 2016-01-15
Last Updated: 2025-01-28
The biosynthesis of tetrahydrofolate begins with guanosine triphosphate interacting with water through GTP-cyclohydrlase resulting in the release of a formic acid, a hydrogen ion and a dihydroneopterin triphosphate. The latter compound then reacts with water in a spontaneous reaction resulting in the release of pyrophosphate, hydrogen ion and dihydroneopterinphosphate. Dihydroneopterin phosphate then reacts spontaneously with water resulting in the release of phosphate and 7,8-dihydroneopterin. This compound reacts wuth a folic acid synthesis enzyme resulting in the release of glycoaldehyde and 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin. The latter compound is then diphosphorylated through an ATP driven folic acid synthesis resulting in the release of AMP, a hydrogen ion and 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin diphosphate. This compound reacts with p-Aminobenzoic acid that is release from chorismate, the reaction happens through a folic acid synthesis resulting in the pyrophosphate and 7,8-dihydropteric acid. The latter compound reacts with glutamic acid through an ATP driven folic acid synthesis 3 resulting in the release of hydrogen ion, a phosphate, ADP and a 7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate. The latter compound reacts with a hydrogen ion through a NADPH through a dihydrofolate reductase resulting in the release of NADP and tetrahydrofolate. This compound can also be a result of 5,10 methenyltetrahydrofolic acid reacting with water through a mitochondrials c1-tetrahydrofolate synthase which releases a 10-formyltetrahydrofolate. This compound in turn reacts with a 5-phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide through a glycinamide ribotide transformylase resulting in the release of a tetrahydrofolate and a 5'phosphoribosyl-N-fromylglycinamide.
References
Tetrahydrofolate Biosynthesis References
Appling DR: Compartmentation of folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism in eukaryotes. FASEB J. 1991 Sep;5(12):2645-51.
Pubmed: 1916088
Illarionova V, Eisenreich W, Fischer M, Haussmann C, Romisch W, Richter G, Bacher A: Biosynthesis of tetrahydrofolate. Stereochemistry of dihydroneopterin aldolase. J Biol Chem. 2002 Aug 9;277(32):28841-7. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M204046200. Epub 2002 May 30.
Pubmed: 12039964
Nardese V, Gutlich M, Brambilla A, Carbone ML: Disruption of the GTP-cyclohydrolase I gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Jan 5;218(1):273-9. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.0048.
Pubmed: 8573145
Agostoni Carbone ML, Lucchini G, Melchioretto P, Nardese V, Vanoni M, Panzeri L: A 9359 bp fragment from the right arm of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome VII includes the FOL2 and YTA7 genes and three unknown open reading frames. Yeast. 1998 Apr 30;14(6):587-91. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(19980430)14:6<587::AID-YEA268>3.0.CO;2-I.
Pubmed: 9605509
Tettelin H, Agostoni Carbone ML, Albermann K, Albers M, Arroyo J, Backes U, Barreiros T, Bertani I, Bjourson AJ, Bruckner M, Bruschi CV, Carignani G, Castagnoli L, Cerdan E, Clemente ML, Coblenz A, Coglievina M, Coissac E, Defoor E, Del Bino S, Delius H, Delneri D, de Wergifosse P, Dujon B, Kleine K, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome VII. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):81-4.
Pubmed: 9169869
Sen-Gupta M, Guldener U, Beinhauer J, Fiedler T, Hegemann JH: Sequence analysis of the 33 kb long region between ORC5 and SUI1 from the left arm of chromosome XIV from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast. 1997 Jul;13(9):849-60. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(199707)13:9<849::AID-YEA106>3.0.CO;2-N.
Pubmed: 9234673
Philippsen P, Kleine K, Pohlmann R, Dusterhoft A, Hamberg K, Hegemann JH, Obermaier B, Urrestarazu LA, Aert R, Albermann K, Altmann R, Andre B, Baladron V, Ballesta JP, Becam AM, Beinhauer J, Boskovic J, Buitrago MJ, Bussereau F, Coster F, Crouzet M, D'Angelo M, Dal Pero F, De Antoni A, Del Rey F, Doignon F, Domdey H, Dubois E, Fiedler T, Fleig U, Floeth M, Fritz C, Gaillardin C, Garcia-Cantalejo JM, Glansdorff NN, Goffeau A, Gueldener U, Herbert C, Heumann K, Heuss-Neitzel D, Hilbert H, Hinni K, Iraqui Houssaini I, Jacquet M, Jimenez A, Jonniaux JL, Karpfinger L, Lanfranchi G, Lepingle A, Levesque H, Lyck R, Maftahi M, Mallet L, Maurer KC, Messenguy F, Mewes HW, Mosti D, Nasr F, Nicaud JM, Niedenthal RK, Pandolfo D, Pierard A, Piravandi E, Planta RJ, Pohl TM, Purnelle B, Rebischung C, Remacha M, Revuelta JL, Rinke M, Saiz JE, Sartorello F, Scherens B, Sen-Gupta M, Soler-Mira A, Urbanus JH, Valle G, Van Dyck L, Verhasselt P, Vierendeels F, Vissers S, Voet M, Volckaert G, Wach A, Wambutt R, Wedler H, Zollner A, Hani J: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XIV and its evolutionary implications. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):93-8.
Pubmed: 9169873
Engel SR, Dietrich FS, Fisk DG, Binkley G, Balakrishnan R, Costanzo MC, Dwight SS, Hitz BC, Karra K, Nash RS, Weng S, Wong ED, Lloyd P, Skrzypek MS, Miyasato SR, Simison M, Cherry JM: The reference genome sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: then and now. G3 (Bethesda). 2014 Mar 20;4(3):389-98. doi: 10.1534/g3.113.008995.
Pubmed: 24374639
Bowman S, Churcher C, Badcock K, Brown D, Chillingworth T, Connor R, Dedman K, Devlin K, Gentles S, Hamlin N, Hunt S, Jagels K, Lye G, Moule S, Odell C, Pearson D, Rajandream M, Rice P, Skelton J, Walsh S, Whitehead S, Barrell B: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XIII. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):90-3.
Pubmed: 9169872
Huh WK, Falvo JV, Gerke LC, Carroll AS, Howson RW, Weissman JS, O'Shea EK: Global analysis of protein localization in budding yeast. Nature. 2003 Oct 16;425(6959):686-91. doi: 10.1038/nature02026.
Pubmed: 14562095
Edman JC, Goldstein AL, Erbe JG: Para-aminobenzoate synthase gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a bifunctional enzyme. Yeast. 1993 Jun;9(6):669-75. doi: 10.1002/yea.320090613.
Pubmed: 8346682
Shen WC, Stanford DR, Hopper AK: Los1p, involved in yeast pre-tRNA splicing, positively regulates members of the SOL gene family. Genetics. 1996 Jun;143(2):699-712.
Pubmed: 8725220
Cherest H, Thomas D, Surdin-Kerjan Y: Polyglutamylation of folate coenzymes is necessary for methionine biosynthesis and maintenance of intact mitochondrial genome in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 2000 May 12;275(19):14056-63. doi: 10.1074/jbc.275.19.14056.
Pubmed: 10799479
Lagosky PA, Taylor GR, Haynes RH: Molecular characterization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae dihydrofolate reductase gene (DFR1). Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Dec 23;15(24):10355-71. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.24.10355.
Pubmed: 2827121
Fling ME, Kopf J, Richards CA: Nucleotide sequence of the dihydrofolate reductase gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gene. 1988 Mar 31;63(2):165-74. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(88)90522-7.
Pubmed: 2838385
Barclay BJ, Huang T, Nagel MG, Misener VL, Game JC, Wahl GM: Mapping and sequencing of the dihydrofolate reductase gene (DFR1) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gene. 1988 Mar 31;63(2):175-85. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(88)90523-9.
Pubmed: 2838386
White JH, Lusnak K, Fogel S: Mismatch-specific post-meiotic segregation frequency in yeast suggests a heteroduplex recombination intermediate. Nature. 1985 May 23-29;315(6017):350-2. doi: 10.1038/315350a0.
Pubmed: 3889658
Jacq C, Alt-Morbe J, Andre B, Arnold W, Bahr A, Ballesta JP, Bargues M, Baron L, Becker A, Biteau N, Blocker H, Blugeon C, Boskovic J, Brandt P, Bruckner M, Buitrago MJ, Coster F, Delaveau T, del Rey F, Dujon B, Eide LG, Garcia-Cantalejo JM, Goffeau A, Gomez-Peris A, Zaccaria P, et al.: The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome IV. Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):75-8.
Pubmed: 9169867
Highlighted elements will appear in red.
Highlight Compounds
Highlight Proteins
Enter relative concentration values (without units). Elements will be highlighted in a color gradient where red = lowest concentration and green = highest concentration. For the best results, view the pathway in Black and White.
Visualize Compound Data
Visualize Protein Data
Downloads
Settings