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Pathway Description
Dopamine Activation of Neurological Reward System
Bos taurus
Category:
Metabolite Pathway
Sub-Category:
Signaling
Created: 2018-08-31
Last Updated: 2019-09-12
In the nervous system, dopamine acts as a neurotransmitter with roles in motor control, motivation, arousal, cognition, and reward. The mesolimbic pathway is the main pathway associated with reward, and the dopaminergic neurons of this pathway are found in the substantia nigra (SNc) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain. Dopamine acts on different G protein-coupled receptor subtyes. The D1-class (D1 and D5) receptors stimulate cAMP production by activating adenylyl cyclase, which activates the reward pathway. The D2-class (D2, D3, and D4) subtypes act oppositely, inhibiting cAMP production by inhibiting adenylyl cyclase. The differing distributions of the receptor subtypes mean that complex outputs often produce a synergistic effect, despite the receptor subtypes having opposite molecular effects (PMID: 20925949, 21303898).
References
Dopamine Activation of Neurological Reward System References
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Robishaw JD, Russell DW, Harris BA, Smigel MD, Gilman AG: Deduced primary structure of the alpha subunit of the GTP-binding stimulatory protein of adenylate cyclase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Mar;83(5):1251-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.5.1251.
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Cuello F, Schulze RA, Heemeyer F, Meyer HE, Lutz S, Jakobs KH, Niroomand F, Wieland T: Activation of heterotrimeric G proteins by a high energy phosphate transfer via nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) B and Gbeta subunits. Complex formation of NDPK B with Gbeta gamma dimers and phosphorylation of His-266 IN Gbeta. J Biol Chem. 2003 Feb 28;278(9):7220-6. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M210304200. Epub 2002 Dec 16.
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Pubmed: 7493986
This pathway was propagated using PathWhiz -
Pon, A. et al. Pathways with PathWhiz (2015) Nucleic Acids Res. 43(Web Server issue): W552–W559.
Propagated from SMP0000308
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