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Pathway Description
Intracellular Signalling Through LHCGR Receptor and Luteinizing Hormone/Choriogonadotropin
Bos taurus
Category:
Protein Pathway
Sub-Categories:
Protein/Peptide Hormone-Mediated
Kinase Signaling
Gene Regulatory
Developmental Signaling
Cellular Response
Protein/Peptide Hormone-Mediated
Created: 2018-08-31
Last Updated: 2019-09-15
The luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) is a transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor located most prominently in the ovary and testis but also found in organs such as the uterus, breasts, prostate, and seminal vesicles. As its name suggests, the receptor is activated by both luteinizing hormone (LH) and chorionic gonadotropins (e.g. hCG) and plays an important role in the regulation of reproduction. In the ovaries, activation of LHCGR by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) leads to follicular maturation and ovulation. In the testis, LHCGR activation is essential for testosterone production and spermatogenesis. The LHCGR receptor activates G(s) proteins which leads to the activation of adenylyl cyclase and produces the secondary messenger cAMP. cAMP then activates protein kinase A (PKA) which phosphorylates downstream effectors that lead to a specific cellular response. Specifically, LHCGR upregulates the mitochondrial enzyme P450scc (cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme) which increases the production of steroid hormones such as testosterone and estrogen.
References
Intracellular Signalling Through LHCGR Receptor and Luteinizing Hormone/Choriogonadotropin References
Mamluk R, Wolfenson D, Meidan R: LH receptor mRNA and cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage expression in bovine theca and granulosa cells luteinized by LH or forskolin. Domest Anim Endocrinol. 1998 Mar;15(2):103-14.
Pubmed: 9532424
Nukada T, Tanabe T, Takahashi H, Noda M, Hirose T, Inayama S, Numa S: Primary structure of the alpha-subunit of bovine adenylate cyclase-stimulating G-protein deduced from the cDNA sequence. FEBS Lett. 1986 Jan 20;195(1-2):220-4. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(86)80164-8.
Pubmed: 3080331
Robishaw JD, Russell DW, Harris BA, Smigel MD, Gilman AG: Deduced primary structure of the alpha subunit of the GTP-binding stimulatory protein of adenylate cyclase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Mar;83(5):1251-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.5.1251.
Pubmed: 3081893
Robishaw JD, Smigel MD, Gilman AG: Molecular basis for two forms of the G protein that stimulates adenylate cyclase. J Biol Chem. 1986 Jul 25;261(21):9587-90.
Pubmed: 3015900
Morishita R, Nakayama H, Isobe T, Matsuda T, Hashimoto Y, Okano T, Fukada Y, Mizuno K, Ohno S, Kozawa O, et al.: Primary structure of a gamma subunit of G protein, gamma 12, and its phosphorylation by protein kinase C. J Biol Chem. 1995 Dec 8;270(49):29469-75. doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.49.29469.
Pubmed: 7493986
Fong HK, Hurley JB, Hopkins RS, Miake-Lye R, Johnson MS, Doolittle RF, Simon MI: Repetitive segmental structure of the transducin beta subunit: homology with the CDC4 gene and identification of related mRNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Apr;83(7):2162-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.7.2162.
Pubmed: 3083416
Sugimoto K, Nukada T, Tanabe T, Takahashi H, Noda M, Minamino N, Kangawa K, Matsuo H, Hirose T, Inayama S, et al.: Primary structure of the beta-subunit of bovine transducin deduced from the cDNA sequence. FEBS Lett. 1985 Oct 28;191(2):235-40. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(85)80015-6.
Pubmed: 2414128
Cuello F, Schulze RA, Heemeyer F, Meyer HE, Lutz S, Jakobs KH, Niroomand F, Wieland T: Activation of heterotrimeric G proteins by a high energy phosphate transfer via nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) B and Gbeta subunits. Complex formation of NDPK B with Gbeta gamma dimers and phosphorylation of His-266 IN Gbeta. J Biol Chem. 2003 Feb 28;278(9):7220-6. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M210304200. Epub 2002 Dec 16.
Pubmed: 12486123
Volkel H, Beitz E, Klumpp S, Schultz JE: Cloning and expression of a bovine adenylyl cyclase type VII specific to the retinal pigment epithelium. FEBS Lett. 1996 Jan 15;378(3):245-9. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(95)01470-5.
Pubmed: 8557110
Showers MO, Maurer RA: A cloned bovine cDNA encodes an alternate form of the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. J Biol Chem. 1986 Dec 15;261(35):16288-91.
Pubmed: 3023347
Wiemann S, Kinzel V, Pyerin W: Isoform C beta 2, an unusual form of the bovine catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. J Biol Chem. 1991 Mar 15;266(8):5140-6.
Pubmed: 2002051
Jedrzejewski PT, Girod A, Tholey A, Konig N, Thullner S, Kinzel V, Bossemeyer D: A conserved deamidation site at Asn 2 in the catalytic subunit of mammalian cAMP-dependent protein kinase detected by capillary LC-MS and tandem mass spectrometry. Protein Sci. 1998 Feb;7(2):457-69. doi: 10.1002/pro.5560070227.
Pubmed: 9521123
This pathway was propagated using PathWhiz -
Pon, A. et al. Pathways with PathWhiz (2015) Nucleic Acids Res. 43(Web Server issue): W552–W559.
Propagated from SMP0000338
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